Section C-|||-Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished-|||-statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the-|||-best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.-|||-Passage One-|||-Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.-|||-Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends.Technologicalimnowat reshape people as-|||-they use these innovations to control their environment. Artifi intelligence, for example is altering-|||-humanity.-|||-While the term AI conjures up anxieties about killer robots or catastrophic levels of unemployment,there-|||-are other,deeper implications.As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it-|||-means to be human?Central to the problem is a person`s capacity to make choices,particularly judgments th-|||-have moral implications.-|||-Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgment depends on regularly making them-on-|||-habit and practice.We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a-|||-potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves.-|||-In the workplace,managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve,-|||-to name a few.These are areas where algorithmic算法的)prescription is replacing human judgment, and so-|||-people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will.-|||-Recommendation engines, w are increasingly prevalen intermediaries in people`consumption of-|||-culture,may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck.By presenting consumers with algorithmically-|||-selected choices of what to watch,read,stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with-|||-machine taste.In one sense,this is helpful. After all,machines can survey a wider range of choices than any-|||-individual is likely to have the time or energy to do on their own.-|||-At the same time,though,this selection is optimizing for what people are likely to prefer based on what-|||-they`ve prererred in the past.We think there is some risk that people`s options will be constrained by their past-|||-in a new and unanticipated way.Section C-|||-Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished-|||-statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the-|||-best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.-|||-Passage One-|||-Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.-|||-Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends.Technologicalimnowat reshape people as-|||-they use these innovations to control their environment. Artifi intelligence, for example is altering-|||-humanity.-|||-While the term AI conjures up anxieties about killer robots or catastrophic levels of unemployment,there-|||-are other,deeper implications.As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it-|||-means to be human?Central to the problem is a person`s capacity to make choices,particularly judgments th-|||-have moral implications.-|||-Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgment depends on regularly making them-on-|||-habit and practice.We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a-|||-potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves.-|||-In the workplace,managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve,-|||-to name a few.These are areas where algorithmic算法的)prescription is replacing human judgment, and so-|||-people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will.-|||-Recommendation engines, w are increasingly prevalen intermediaries in people`consumption of-|||-culture,may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck.By presenting consumers with algorithmically-|||-selected choices of what to watch,read,stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with-|||-machine taste.In one sense,this is helpful. After all,machines can survey a wider range of choices than any-|||-individual is likely to have the time or energy to do on their own.-|||-At the same time,though,this selection is optimizing for what people are likely to prefer based on what-|||-they`ve prererred in the past.We think there is some risk that people`s options will be constrained by their past-|||-in a new and unanticipated way.

When we look in the mirror, we’re liable to zero in on the imperfections.

Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Scientists recently examined studies on dog intelligence and compared them with research into the minds of other intelligent animals. The researchers found that dogs are among the more intelligent carnivores (食肉动物), social hunters and domestic animals, but that their intelligence does not 26 other intelligent animals in any of those categories. Though a significant body of research has examined dog cognition 27, the authors of this new study found little to warrant the 28 of work that has been devoted to the topic.Stephen Lea, lead author of the new study, argues that many researchers seem to have designed their studies to 29 how clever dogs are, rather than simply to study dogs' brains. Lea and a colleague examined more than 300 studies of dog cognition, comparing the studies' results with those from research into other animals. The researchers made specific comparisons between the different species in different categories of intelligence. These comparisons 30 that dogs are intelligent, but their intelligence is not as 31 as some researchers might have believed.In many areas, though, comparisons were not possible. For example, the researchers noted that both dogs and cats are known to be able to recognize and 32 human voices. But the investigators could not find any data to indicate which species can remember a greater number of 33 human voices, so it was impossible to compare the two on that front. However, not all researchers agree 34 with the findings of this study. Zachary Silver, an American researcher, believes the authors of the new study 35 the idea that an excessive amount of research has been devoted to dogs, as the field of dog cognition is young, and there is much to be learned about how dogs think.rectangle_box{A. affirmed B. approximately C. completely D. differentiateE. distinct F. domain G. formidable H. outperformedI. overstated J. pledge K. previously L. prospectiveM. prove N. surpass O. volume}

题型说明：1.（5.0分）介词、副词填空。（每题5分，共计100分）1.I'm sorry, but I can't give you access____the information.

5.超过；超出A. extendB. expectC. exceptD. exceed

填空题（共40题，100.0分）题型说明：介副词填空题21. (2.5分) I don't know what to get May for her birthday either, but I'll let you know if something comes____ mind.第1空

[题目]-|||-Even though the conference hall is near his a-|||-partment,he has to hurry a little if he wants-|||-to be __ (punctuality).

三、阅读理解（共 40 分，每空 2 分）第一节：阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。(A)There are many international organizations which work to save and protect endangered species( 物 种 ) and natural environment. If you would like more information about any of theorganizations listed below, you can write to the addresses given.Friends of the Earth (FOE) campaigns on a range of problems including rainforests, thecountryside, water and air pollution and energy. Friends of the Earth International Secretariat . Box 191991000 . Amsterdam The Netherlands Greenpeace uses peaceful but direct action to defend the environment. Itcampaigns to protect rainforests and sea animals, stop global warming and end pollution of air,land and seas. It also opposes nuclear power.Greenpeace InternationalKeizergracht 1761016 DW AmsterdamThe NetherlandsBirdLife International is an organization which works to save endangered birds allover the world. BirdLife InternationalWellbrook CourtGirton RoadCambridge CB3 0NAEnglandWWF—World Wide Fund For Nature is the world’s largest private international organizationfor the conservation of nature and threatened species.Information OfficerWWF InternationalAvenue du Mont-Blanc1196 GlandSwitzerland51. If you want to learn more about the organizations, you can _______.A. call them B. write them a letter C. visit them D. send them an e-mail52. BirdLife International is an organization aiming to ________.A. reduce pollution B. defend rainforestsC. protect ocean animals D. save endangered birds 53. If you oppose nuclear power, you can join ________.A. Friends of the Earth B. World Wide Fund For NatureC. Greenpeace D. BirdLife International54. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Environmental Protection Organizations B. Global Traffic Problems C. Endangered Animals D. Natural Beauty（B）You’ve no doubt heard people say how much they “need” a holiday, when what they really meanis that they want one. Certainly, people working under pressure feel a very strong desire to escapefrom work and become less tight during their holidays, and experience a changed environment.However, work for many people today is office work and mental, rather than physical tasks. Thesepeople may seek much more energy-taking activities while on holiday, rather than simply lying ona beach.Once people become used to going on holiday, taking holidays becomes a habit. For many peoplethe holiday is one of the last things to be given up, and indeed many workers have chosen to spendsome of their last pay when being on holiday. It may give them a “lift” in facing some difficultiesin life.Most of us also enjoy showing off the lovely tans-dark(晒黑的) skins we get from a holiday. Somany tourists are now able to afford holidays in the sun that tans have become quite common;although we join a tan together with health, it has been fully shown that too much sunshine willresult in high danger of skin problems, as well as drying out one’s skin and leading to more lineson your face later in life.55. According to the passage above, more and more people choose to have holidays because they__________.A. hate working indoors all the timeB. want to get away from workC. love enjoying the beauties of natureD. become rich and want a better life56. When office people have holidays, they often __________.A. lie on the beach and enjoy sunshineB. spend more than they can affordC. think about their work on the beachD. choose to do more physical exercise57. A holiday may __________ when one has to face some difficulties in life.A. cheer someone up B. help someone find a jobC. be the last thing to be given up D. bring good luck to someone58. At the end of the passage the writer tries to tell the reader __________.A. the importance of getting sunshineB. the bad effect of being on holidayC. the result of getting sun tannedD. the healthy look of being tanned(C)① On Friday, January 14, 2005, my cousin, Kara Rose, came into the world. ② She lookedperfectly healthy from the outside, but on the inside, the doctors had failed to discover a seriousproblem. ③ She often had trouble breathing and then turned blue. ④ The doctors found that Karahad been born without part of her heart. ⑤ They didn’t think she would live long enough to leavethe hospital. ⑥ When she was four days old, she had her first operation. ⑦ My family stayedtogether during this hard time, hoping everything would turn out for the best. Kara’s strength and determination to live were strong. Eventually, she could go home. We allwaited patiently for new technology that could give Kara a new heart. When she was eighteenmonths old, her parents took her to a famous surgeon who performed a series of operations. Therewas no guarantee she would make it through the operation, but she succeeded.Kara grew stronger every day, and it was not long before she was well enough to be aroundpeople. She had an amazing character and always wore a sweet smile. When she fell asleep againstmy body, happy and content, I realized how valuable life really is. As I took her in my arms withher warm breath against my neck, I decided to live every day of my life to the fullest. This child, who is 15 years younger than I, has gone through more suffering and pain than I everhave. I admire her strength and determination. Kara has taught me that no matter how bad thingsseem, they can work out in the end. Knowing this small, beautiful child has made me a strongerperson, I now believe that difficulty can be beaten. 59. Kara often had trouble breathing because ________.A. she didn’t stay long enough in the hospital B. the doctors failed to discover the problemC. she was born with an incomplete heart D. her first operation was not successful60. Which of the following statements is true?A. Kara’s determination helped her get through. B. The new technology gave the family the hope to live on. C. Kara eventually recovered at the age of 15..D. Doctors were confident in the success of her operation.61. The writer wants to tell us that _______.A. younger people often suffer more painB. strong-will helps defeat difficultiesC. experienced doctors can make miraclesD. medical technology is developing fast62. Where should the sentence in the box be added in Paragraph 1?I was also anxiously hoping the doctors would be able to make her life longer.A. After Sentence ①. B. After Sentence ③.C. After Sentence. ⑤. D. After Sentence ⑦.（D）Wild and Strange CelebrationsLooking for a new way to have fun For inspiration, check out these festivals. Some may seemwild, and others strange, but they are all fun.La Tomatina! Warning: Anybody in Bunol, Spain, on the last Wednesday of August should prepare to get wetwith tomatoes! Every year on this day, around 30,000 tourists join 9,000 people living in Bunol totake part in the world’s largest tomato fight. La Tomatina, or “the tomato party,” is the last eventof a weeklong festival in honor of Bunol’s patron saint（守护神）San Luis Bertran. A rocket isfired, and for the next hour, everyone goes crazy as 100 tons of tomatoes get thrown with juiceeverywhere. One of the few rules participants( 参 加者 ) must follow: Crush the tomato beforethrowing it.Elephant Round Up ShowElephants playing soccer Believe it or not, every November in Surin, Thailand, elephants do playsoccer as part of the Elephant Round-Up Show. The “round-up” starts with a parade of over 100elephants from newborns to grown-ups, well-trained animals. The elephants then take part insoccer, log-carrying and other games that show off their strength and intelligence for the crowd.The event concludes with a mock battle, showing how elephants were used in war years ago.Makepung People commonly race cars, horse and dogs, but who’s heard of racing bulls In Bali, Indonesia,however, Makepung, or bull racing, is an event held weekly between July and October. Visitorscan watch as teams of two bulls get decorated and then race around a 2 km dirt track（跑道）.Famer “jockeys” stand on a wooden cart behind the bulls, controlling them with a rope aroundtheir necks. As many as 300 teams take part in the races every year, and championship races areheld at the end of the Makepung season.Cooper’s Hill Cheese RollingEvery May in Britain, you will find some men and women run, stumble and fall down a steep,230-meter-long hill --- and all for a piece of cheese! “Cheese Rolling” has been taking place onCooper’s Hill for over 200 years. The race begins when a kg, wheel-shaped thick piece of DoubleGloucester cheese is rolled down the hill. Up to 20 competitors then run after it. The cheese, whichcan reach speeds of over 100 km/h, is rarely caught. But the first competitor to reach the bottom ofthe hill walks home with the cheese, as well as any injuries gained along the way.63. Which two festivals do the animals take part in? 64. Why do people in Bunol celebrate the weeklong festival 65. When do people celebrate Elephant Round Up Show in Thailand? 66. Translate the last sentence into Chinese. (E)One day he is a famous policeman. The next day he is a gangster from Temple street. His songsare heard on radios all over Hong Kong. This is Andy Lau Tak Wah, the superstar that everyonesees, hears and loves. He is one of the most famous actors and singers in Hong Kong.However, there is another side to Andy Lau. There is an important part of his life that only a fewpeople know about. Andy Lau helps 15 children from poor countries all over the world. Theseboys and girls live in 11 different countries. Most of the children have not met him and none ofthem know that he is one of the biggest stars in Asia.Andy Lau's interest in children started when he did some work with World Vision. This is a charitythat helps poor children to lead better lives. For 200 a month, a sponsor helps with the food andeducation of one child.The child does not receive the money in cash. Instead the money pays for the child's school fees,food, medical care and clothing. Each child knows the name of the sponsor who is giving themoney. The sponsor receives a report each year on the child's progress. They can write to eachother, but usually the children do not speak Cantonese or English.When Andy Lau heard about these children, he wanted to help them. "It was not anything special,"he said. "Until I had the chance to go to Indonesia and meet the little girl I am sponsoring, I didn'tknow anything about the type of life she had."He said the meeting with Nina in Indonesia was very emotional. "When I met her, I felt very, veryhappy," he said. "I saw that the money was used for a very good purpose. It brought me closer tothe child in a way that simply giving money cannot."By sponsoring these children through a charitable organization, Andy Lau is giving them hope andat the same time caring for them. "I want to do whatever I can. I will continue to help thesechildren in need," he said.67. Andy Lau is a __________.A. policeman and actor B. gangster and singerC. policeman and gangster D. singer and actor68. Andy Lau _______________.A. has 15 children in Hong Kong B. helps many poor children worldwideC. lives with many different children D. has met all the children he helps69. World Vision is a charity that helps children to ________.A. lead better lives B. become actors and singersC. travel to other countries D. earn more money70. The children that Andy Lau helps do not ____________.A. go to school B. want to meet himC. know he is famous D. have any food

题型说明:3.(6.0分)不缺淡水______ of fresh water

32 Public perception of success in the U.S. might be totally misguided.While 92% of people believe others care most about fame and 26, fewer than 10% factor those qualities into their own success. This is according to the newly 27 study by Harvard Graduate School of Education professor Todd Smith. Smith says he was 28 by how past studies on success “assumed what people will care about.” In this study, his team “went the 29 direction” by spending years carrying out individual interviews and group surveys to see what people really talk about when they talk about success. As a scientist, Smith 30 studied individuality for a living, and even he was surprised to find younger respondents cared more about having a 31 in life. Those between the ages of 18 and 34 prioritized it most, and that prioritization dropped off as respondents’ ages went up. Perhaps this is because older people had fewer options when they were starting their careers, at a time when values focused more on stable incomes than 32 personal missions.Other trends included an emphasis on the importance of parenting. Being a parent 33 very high across the priorities of all study participants. Ultimately, Smith hopes institutions will take note of these insights 34.Higher education institutions tend to focus on preparing students for high-paying jobs. For such institutions, from universities to workplaces, to better 35 people in the U.S., they’ll need to understand “ what the American public highly prioritizes,” Smith says.A、accommodateB、accordinglyC、acquiringD、botheredE、fortuneF、fulfillingG、identifyA.literallyB.oppositeC.professionD.purposeE.rankedF.releasedG.similarlyH.wrong