8.Students need to____out how to prepare themselves for a bright future during their university days . A work B turn C come D blow

求听力题答案 The word empathy (认同) is so commonly used nowadays.But what is empathy?The origin of the word empathy (1) back to the 1880s,when a German psychologist (2) the term meaning "in-feeling" to describe the emotional (3) of another's feelings.Empathy has further been described as the (4) of understanding a person's (5) experience by vicariously (间接地) sharing that experience while (6) an observant position.Even more simply stated,empathy is the ability to "put oneself in another's shoes" and for physicians,empathy (7) understanding of the patient beyond the history and symptoms to include (8),ideas,and feelings. However,we may propose a subtle but important distinction between empathy and sympathy.(9),sympathy can be burdensome and harmful,even leading to burnout.Sympathy implies feelings shared with the sufferer as if the pain belonged to both persons:(10).It would stand to reason,therefore,that completely shared suffering can never exist between a physician and a patient; otherwise,the physician would share the patient's plight and would therefore be unable to help.(11).By being a participant-observer,we come to understand how the other person feels.

1.He was a w____, curious and prolific artist who constantly questioned everything-from religion to politics to his own memories.第1空

Complete the sentences with the words below.Change the form where necessary. vigorous flee excavate literate respective （1）A burial site in Germany was ____ and Chinese silk was found.（2）International students celebrate the cultural events and holidays from their ____ cultures every year.（3）The cultural exchange between China and other countries is more ____ than before.（4）Only one third of the newly arrived migrants are ____ people.The others are even unable to perform basic tasks like reading a bus timetable.（5）War and famine have forced people in the region to ____ from their homes to other countries.

As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.A. WhichB. thatC. whatD. where

1【连线题】Match the Chinese proverbs to their English translations.第一组数据1. 海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞。2. 千里之行，始于足下。3. 读万卷书，行万里路。4. 志在四方。第二组数据A. Aspire to travel far and make one's mark.B. Read ten thousand books and travel ten thousand li.C. A journey of a thousand li begins with the first step.D. The wide sea allows the fish to leap about, and the vast sky lets the birds fly freely连线答案 提示：请在下拉框中选择第一组数据对应的正确答案

The World in a Glass: Six Drinks That Changed History Tom Standage urges drinkers to savor the history of their favorite beverages along with the taste. The author of A History of the World in 6 Glasses (Walker & Company, June 2005), Standage lauds the libations that have helped shape our world from the Stone Age to the present day. "The important drinks are still drinks that we enjoy today," said Standage, a technology editor at the London-based magazine the Economist. "They are relics(纪念物) of different historical periods still found in our kitchens." Take the six-pack, whose contents first fizzed at the dawn of civilization.Beer The ancient Sumerians, who built advanced city-states in the area of present-day Iraq, began fermenting(发酵) beer from barley at least 6,000 years ago. "When people started agriculture the first crops they produced were barley or wheat. You consume those crops as bread and as beer," Standage noted. "It&39;s the drink associated with the dawn of civilization. It&39;s as simple as that." Beer was popular with the masses from the beginning. "Beer would have been something that a common person could have had in the house and made whenever they wanted," said Linda Bisson, a microbiologist at the Department of Viticulture and Enology at the University of California, Davis. "The guys who built the pyramids were paid in beer and bread," Standage added. "It was the defining drink Egypt and Mesopotamia. Everybody drank it. Today it&39;s the drink of the working man, and it was then as well."Wine Wine may be as old or older than beet--though no one can be certain. Paleolithic humans probably sampled the first "wine" as the juice of naturally fermented wild grapes. But producing and storing wine proved difficult for early cultures. "To make wine you have to have fresh grapes," said Bisson, the UC Davis microbiologist. "For beer you can just store grain and add water to process it at any time." Making wine also demanded pottery that could preserve the precious liquid. "Wine may be easier to make than beer , but it&39;s harder to store," Bisson added. "For most ancient cultures it would have been hard to catch fermenting grape juice as wine on its way to B)ecoming vinegar." Such caveats and the expense of producing wine helped the beverage quickly gain more cachet (威望) than beer. Wine was originally associated with social elites and religious activities. Wine snobbery may be nearly as old as wine itself. Greeks and Romans produced many grades of wine for various social classes. The quest for quality became an economic engine and later drove cultural expansion. "Once you had regions like Greece and Rome that could distinguish themselves as making good stuff, it gave them an economic boost," Bisson said. "Beer just wasn&39;t as special."Spirits Hard liquor, particularly brandy and rum, placated (安抚) sailors during the long sea voyages of the Age of Exploration, when European powers plied the seas during the 15th, 16th, and early 17th centuries. Rum played a crucial part of the triangular trade between Britain, Africa, and the North American colonies that once dominated the Atlantic economy, Standage also suggests that rum may have been more responsible than tea for the independence movement in Britain&39;s American colonies. "Distilling molasses for rum was very important to the New England economy," he explained. "When the British tried to tax molasses it struck at the heart of the economy. The idea of &39;no taxation without representation&39; originated with molasses and sugar. Only at the end did it refer to tea." Great Britain&39;s longtime superiority at sea may also owe a debt to its navy‘s drink of rum-based choice, grog(掺水烈酒),which was made a compulsory beverage for sailors in the late 18th century. "They would make grog with rum, water, and lemon or lime juice," Standage said. "This improved the taste but also reduced illness and scurvy. Fleet physicians thought that this had doubled the efficiency of the fleet." Coffee The story of modern coffee starts in the Arabian Peninsula, where roasted beans were first brewed around A.D. 1000. Sometime around the 15th century, coffee spread throughout the Arab world. "In the Arab world, coffee rose as an alternative to alcohol, and coffeehouses as alternatives to taverns(酒馆)—both of which are banned by Islam," Standage said. When coffee arrived in Europe it was similarly hailed as an "anti-alcohol" that was quite welcome during the Age of Reason in the 18th century. "Just at the point when the Enlightenment is getting going, here‘s a drink that sharpens the mind," Standage said. "The coffeehouse is the perfect venue(聚会地点)to get together and exchange ideas and information. The French Revolution started in a coffeehouse." Coffee also fuelled commerce and had strong links to the rituals of business that remain to the present day. Lloyds of London and the London Stock Exchange were both originally coffeehouses. Tea Tea became a daily drink in China around the third century A.D. Standage says tea played a leading role in the expansion of imperial and industrial might in Great Britain many centuries later. During the 19th century, the East India Company enjoyed a monopoly on tea exports from China. "Englishmen around the world could drink tea, whether they were a colonial administrator in India or a London businessman," Standage said. "The sun never set on the British Empire—which meant that it was always teatime somewhere." As the Industrial Revolution of 18th and 19th centuries gained steam, tea provided some of the fuel. Factory workers stayed alert during long, monotonous shifts thanks to welcome tea breaks. The beverage also had unintended health benefits for rapidly growing urban areas. "When you start packing people together in cities it‘s helpful to have a water-purification technology like tea," which was brewed with boiling water, Standage explained. Coca-cola In 1886 pharmacist John Stith Pemberton sold about nine Coca-colas a day. Today his soft drink is one of the world‘s most valuable brands-sold in more countries than the United Nations has members. "It may be the second most widely understood phrase in the world after ‘OK‘," Standage said. The drink has become a symbol of the United States—love it or hate it. Standage notes that East Germans quickly reached for Cokes when the Berlin Wall fell, while Thai Muslims poured it out into the streets to show disdain for the U.S. in the days leading up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq. "Coca-cola encapsulates what happened in the 20th century: the rise of consumer capitalism and the emergence of America as a superpower," Standage said. "It‘s globalization in a bottle." While Coke may not always produce a smile, a survey by the Economist magazine (Standage‘s employer), suggests that the soft drink‘s presence is a great indicator of happy citizens. When countries were polled for happiness, as defined by a United Nations index, high scores correlated with sales of Coca-Cola. "It‘s not because [Coke] makes people happy, but because [its] sales happen in the dynamic free-market economies that tend to produce happy people," Standage said. 1. The passage gives a brief description of the content of a new book, A History of the World in 6 Glasses. A.YB.NC.NGThe ancient Sumerians began fermenting beer from barley at least 6,000 years ago.A.YB.NC.NGToday beer is the drink of the working man, which was not the case before.A.YB.NC.NGGreeks probably sampled the first "wine" as the juice of naturally fermented wild grapes.A.YB.NC.NGThe caveats and the expense of producing wine helped it quickly gain more cachet than beer.A.YB.NC.NGStandage suggests that tea may have been more responsible than rum for the independence movement in Britain&39;s American colonies.A.YB.NC.NGCoffee is the best drink according to Standage.A.YB.NC.NGSometime around the 15th century coffee spread throughout ______.During the 19th century, the monopoly on tea exports from China is ______.Coca-Cola has become a symbol of ______.请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

In case anyone needed another reason to love chocolate, a new study suggests that a natural compound found in cocoa, tea and some vegetables can reverse age-related memory loss.The study – published in Nature Neuroscience in 2014 and partly financed by a chocolate company – found that flavanols reverse mild memory loss in older adults. Using brain scans and memory tests, the latest study built on previous work showing that flavanols extracted from cocoa beans had improved neuronal connections in mice’s dentate gyrus, a part of the brain involved in memory formation.But hold that chocolate bar. The researchers also warn that the compound found in cocoa exists only in minuscule amounts in the average chocolate bar compared with the amount used in the study, so gorging on chocolate in the name of health and improving one’s memory could backfire (适得其反).“It would make a lot of people happy, but it would also make them unhealthy,” said Scott A. Small, a professor of neurology and director of the Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center at Columbia University Medical Center.Small said that even more important, the new study offers the first direct evidence that memory deteriorates with age because of changes in the dentate gyrus (齿状圆), a region of the hippocampus (海马). Previous studies had shown a link between changes in this region of the brain and normal, age-related memory loss, but the Columbia University study asserts a causal link.The study involved 37 healthy subjects who ranged in age from 50 to 69. Researchers said that if a person had the memory of a typical 60-year-old at the beginning of the study, on average that person’s memory would function more like a 30- or 40-year-old’s after three months of being given a high-flavanol diet, consuming 900 milligrams a day. Small said the typical candy bar contains only about 40mg of flavanols. The researchers also cautioned that more work is needed because of the study’s small sample size.The compound appears to enhance connectivity and metabolic activity in the dentate gyrus. Aging appears to reduce the connections between neurons in that part of the brain. That decline, according to Small, however, is not related to severe memory loss and cell death in Alzheimer’s disease or other dementias (痴呆). 1. It can be learned from the passage that flavanol is ___________.A) a kind of cocoa beans that are used to produce chocolateB) a part of the human brain that controls memory formationC) a compound that can reverse age-related memory loss D) a disease in older people that is caused by memory loss2. According to the researchers, eating lots of chocolate bars will ___________.A) trigger growth of cocoa productionB) lead to certain health hazards C) enhance one’s sense of happinessD) prevent serious mental diseases3. The new study is different from previous ones in that ___________.A) it proves the cause of age-related memory loss B) it is the first study to have conducted tests on miceC) it involved both older and middle-aged subjectsD) it discovered a link between different brain functions4. Future research that serves as an improvement over the new study mentioned in the passage may be a study that ___________.A) lasts for a period longer than three monthsB) tests more 30- or 40-year-old subjectsC) uses a diet with a larger amount of chocolateD) contains a larger number of older subjects 5. According to the passage, age-related memory loss can be prevented if ___________.A) the links between certain types of neurons in the brain are cut offB) the connections between neurons in a certain part of the brain increase C) severe memory loss is caused by factors other than cell death in the brainD) cell death and metabolic activity occurs at a slower rate in the dentate gyrus

填空题（共20题，100.0分）20. (5.0分) The Imperial Civil Examination system had lasted for more than 1300 years, from its founding in the Sui Dynasty to its a______in the Qing Dynasty in 1905.

Read the passage.Fill in the blanks with no more than three words.-|||-Every time you get sick,you could be advised with a list of miracle foods to kick-|||-your cold or flu.There is some scientific basis that chicken soup and hot tea with honey-|||-actually help ease symptoms,but most common dietary"cures"are a waste of time-|||-and money.Orange juice or citrus fruits(橘类水果),and coconut oil are two such cases.-|||-Orange juice or citrus fruits-|||-Nearly 30 studies found that vitamin C in oranges or lemons can't ease-|||-cold symptoms or help you get better faster. Instead,drinking tons of orange-|||-juice could actually worsen symptoms as a result of the sugar,which is likely to-|||-increase inflammation(炎症).Doctors say the body can only absorb vitamin C-|||-about 500 mg at one time,whether it comes from food or a pill.-|||-Coconut oil-|||-Like apple cider vinegar,coconut oil boasts antimicrobial properties(抗-|||-菌特性),but that won't help with cold or flu viruses since if you want to cure a-|||-bacterial infection with it,you'd probably have to drink a lot,but that would-|||-leave you feeling even more awful than you already do.-|||-Two things that may worsen your cold or flu-|||-Two things that may help ease-|||-symptoms-|||-1. __ and 2. __ .with honey-|||-What is likely to increase inflammation? 3. __-|||-The maximum amount of vitamin C-|||-the body can absorb once-|||-about 4. __ mg at one time-|||-Two things that have functions of apple cider vinegar and 5. __-|||-antimicrobial properties