.__ vt.颁发;提交

The corn was_into fine meal and mixed with water to produce masa(湿润粉糊) ,before being rolled,cut,pressed,and baked by hand .(grinder)

Find words from the text to match the definitions.The first letters are given.1.s ____ →an event that causes a lot of excitement and interest2.i  ____ →strongly in love with someone3.f ____ → to use a camera to record a story or real events4.t ____ →to pull something behind you5.a ____ →funny6.be g ____ to → to look at something with all your attention

He never responded to any messages that I sent to him, and his views rarely ______ with mine. (coincidence)

The drinker can learn to eliminate negative health consequences by_from drinking .(refrainment)

__ __ __ __"Culture consists of all shared products of human society" (Robertson, 1981). This means not only such material things as cities, organizations and schools, but also non-material things such as ideas, customs, family patterns, languages. Putting it simply, culture refers to the entire way of life of a society, "the ways of a people". 　　Language is a part of culture and plays a very important role in it. Some social scientists consider it the keystone of culture. Without language, the maintaining (延续) of culture would not be possible. On the other hand, language is influenced and shaped by culture, it reflects culture. In the broadest sense, language is the symbolic representation of a people, and it comprises (包含) their historical and cultural backgrounds, as well as their approach to life and their ways of living and thinking. 　　We should not go further into the relationship between language and culture. What needs to be stressed here is that the two interact, and that understanding of one requires understanding of the other. 　　Social scientists tell us that cultures differ from one another, that each culture is unique. As cultures are diverse, so languages are diverse. It is only natural then that with differences in cultures and differences in languages, difficulties often arise in communicating between cultures and across cultures. Understanding is not always easy. 　　Learning a foreign language well means more than merely mastering the pronunciation, grammar, words and idioms. It means learning also to see the world as native speakers of that language see it, learning the ways in which their language reflects the ideas, customs, and behaviors of their society, learning to understand their "language of the mind". Learning a language, in fact, is inseparable from learning its culture. (1)__According to the first paragraph, the term "culture" refers to_________. A.__things like cities, organizations and schools B.__ideas, customs, family patterns, and languages C.__all things produced by human race D.__the total that constitute a society (2)__The second paragraph tells about_________. A.__the role language plays in cultureB.__the relationship between language and culture C.__the influence culture has on language D.__the representation of culture (3)__There will be no difficulty in communication if_________. A.__people from different countries can speak each otherˈs languages B.__people from different countries can know each otherˈs cultures C.__people from different countries can know each otherˈs languages and cultures D.__there were no difference between the two cultures (4)__The last paragraph mainly talks about __________. A.__Learning social science through society itselfB.__Learning a language through its cultureC.__Learning a culture through its languageD.__Learning social customs through culture

阅读理解。 Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to"thinkand concentrate." Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a keyas soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test,smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well. The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine, active smokers were faster than deprived smokers. In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers. The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered l9 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing- Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details. "As our tests became more complex." sums up Spilich," non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins". He predicts, 'smokers might perform adequately at many jobs- until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity." l. The purpose of George Spilich's experiments is ._____ A. to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokersB. to show how smoking damages people's mental capacityC. to prove that smoking affects people's regular performanceD. to find out whether smoking helps people's short-term memory 2. George Spilich's experiment was conducted in such a way as to ._____ A. compel the subjects to separate major information from minor detailsB. put the subjects through increasingly complex testsC. check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokersD. register the prompt responses of the subjects 3. The underlined word "bested" in Para. 5most probably means_____ A. beatB. enviedC. caught up with D. made the best of 4. Which of the following statements is true?_____ A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks. 5. We can infer from the last paragraph that ._____ A. smokers should not expect to become airline pilotsB. smoking in emergency cases causes mental illnessC. no airline pilots smoke during flightsD. smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases

After rising steadily for almost a century, standards of education in the public schools of Europe and North America have leveled off and, in the opinion of many parents and employers, are actually falling. More and more children are leaving school with little more than a basic knowledge of reading, writing and arithmetic, and illiteracy is becoming a social problem once again. With dropout rates of 27 percent in high schools and 50 percent in colleges, the American education system is clearly in trouble. European dropout rates, though lower than those of the U.S., are rising too.Various factors have been blamed for the apparent decline in educational standards. Some people say that overcrowding and lack of discipline are major factors. Others maintain that subjects like art and drama have been overemphasized at the expense of more practical subjects. The negative influence of television is frequently mentioned as a reason for growing illiteracy. Many teachers and principals, however, insist that the problem is not of falling standards but of rising expectations on the part of parents and employers.Whether or not standards in public schools are actually falling, many parents feel that the only way to secure a good education for their children is to send them to private schools, which generally have smaller classes and stricter discipline. The popularity of such schools is growing steadily, despite the high tuition fees. In the United States, for example, thirteen percent of all school children attend private schools; in France, over sixteen percent do so.New Words：illiteracyn.缺乏教育；文盲1.What is the problem that public schools of Europe and North America have according to the passage?A) Standards of education are falling.B) Social expectations on students are rising too quickly.C) The tuition fees are always rising rapidly.D) The reading, writing, and arithmetic are overemphasized.2.What is the dropout rate in U.S. colleges according to the passage?A) 13 percent. B) 16 percent.C) 27 percent.D) 50 percent.3.What is frequently mentioned as a reason for growing illiteracy?A) Too many students in school.B) The negative influence of television.C) Lack of strict discipline.D) Less attention to art and drama.4.What is one of the advantages of private schools according to the passage?A) More acceptable with students.B) Higher tuition fee and better return.C) Smaller classes and stricter discipline.D) More practical subjects available.