8. He worked happily as a translator for a research project on 53 minorities in Yunnan, using three of his languages.A. ethnicB. panicC. clinicD. ethnic

Hongyagu glass bridgeMain featuresthe world’s 1) ___________ and the most transparent glass bridgeOpening date2) ______________________Length3) ______________________Construction duration4) ______________________Width5) ______________________Material6) ________________glass panels which are four centimeters thickNumber of visitorsIt can support up to 7) ___________ people, but only 8) ___________ visitors are allowed to walk on it at the same time.

Next time you’re filling up the cavernous fuel tank of the gas-gulping family jalopy, imagine getting 230 miles per gallon. Better yet, how about never buying another gallon of gas After years o hope and hype, electron-powered driving finally appears to be on the verge of reality. In the next three years, at least a dozen pure electric or plug-in hybrid cars are slated to hit the market in the U. S. Electricity-driven vehicles from giants such as General Motors Co. and Nissan Motor Co., as well as start-ups like Fisker Automotive Inc. in Irvine, will provide consumers with a wide variety of choices. These new vehicles promise to combine blinding fuel efficiency, radical new technology and futuristic styling that makes the hybrid Toyota Prius look downright staid. Battery makers and automakers alike are tooling up factories to produce big volumes of electric vehicles. Meanwhile, power utilities and regulators are scrambling to figure out just how big the market will be. "This is happening and it’s happening soon," said Mark Duvall, director of electric transportation at the Electric Power Research Institute, an independent, nonprofit research group. "By the end of 2011, consumers will have more choices in vehicles they can plug in than they currently do for hybrids. ’ The electric vehicles will be arriving at a good time. With gasoline prices creeping up once again and federal regulations calling for huge fuel economy gains in the next half-decade, there’s increasing demand for cars that burn less fuel, make less noise and push automotive technology forward. In August, President Obama set a national goal o getting I million plug-in vehicles on the road by 2015. It took about twice as long to get a million hybrids rolling on U.S. streets and highways. But any new technology that involves high-voltage, exotic battery chemistries and 3,500-pound objects hurtling forward at high speed is bound to hit some potholes. Early adopters, experts say, will have to contend with charging infrastructure challenges and some pretty long waiting lists. And did we mention price Even the least expensive electric or plug-in car will cost more than 25,000, and most will come in closer to twice that. "There will be some real challenges at first," said Roland Hwang, vehicle policy director at the Natural Resources Defense Council. "These are going to cost more than conventional cars. The infrastructure is not going to take care of itself. These issues will determine whether this is a trickle or a massive flood." Restarting electrics Electric cars are hardly new. In fact, a century ago, around .the time of the dawn of the automobile, there were as many electric as gasoline-powered cars. But technological limitations eventually killed those early EV, and electric cars didn’t truly raise their heads again until the late 1990s. That’s when a smattering of electrics, including the much-lamented GM EV1, was made available in California as part of a government-mandated test program. Wildly popular among a select group of enthusiasts, they were officially declared unfeasible and unprofitable by automakers. Today, only a few hundred are still on the road, among them a Toyota RAV4 EV driven by Paul Scott, co-founder of electric vehicle activist group Plug In America. Nobody was happier than Scott when Tesla Motors Inc.. a San Carlos, Calif. , automaker, last year began selling its all-electric Roadster, a rocket of a two-seater that noiselessly goes from zero to 60 mph in less than four seconds. True, the Roadster costs 109,000. And it has a waiting list longer than Sunset Boulevard. But to people like Scott, its arrival signaled the coming of a new electric era. "This time electric cars are here to stay," said Scott, who envisions charging cars using solar power, making them essentially cost-free to operate. Tesla and other nimble start-ups have helped jump-start the industry. Now big automakers are getting their electric programs in gear. That’s no minor development considering the titanic capital costs involved in developing high-volume-production vehicles. For Ford Motor Co. , better batteries were key. Previous technologies were just too heavy and inefficient, said Nancy Gioia, the automaker’s director of global electrification. "They weren’t ready for mass production," she said.But in the last couple of years, huge improvements and new battery chemistries "opened the opportunity" for ambitious product plans, she said. Gioia predicts that as many as a quarter of new vehicles sold by 2020 will be electrics, plug-in hybrids or traditional hybrids. Challenges ahead Yet even the fiercest electric advocates admit that battery reliability still has room for improvement. Arthur Krieger, a retired police officer in Los Angeles, drives a Prius powered by a relatively small nickel metal hydride battery to assist the gasoline engine. Tile battery needed replacement after nine years on the road. That’s when Krieger got a nasty surprise: A new one would cost more than 4,800. "That cost will wipe out the entire cost savings of having a hybrid in the first place." Krieger said. The price would be even higher on an all-electric vehicle using the latest chemistry., lithium ion. Already widely used in cell phones, watches and laptops, those batteries have storage, charging and weight characteristics that make them superior to previous technologies―with premium prices to match. A replacement battery for a Tesla Roadster costs 30,000, and it can move the car only 200 or so miles before it needs to be recharged. That’s a 3.5-hour process on a high-powered charger, 30 hours on regular household current. Then there is the matter of exactly where to re-juice all those electrics. Some experts believe that public charging stations will be the best solution, either those put up by state and local governments or, perhaps, private for-profit companies. At present there is almost no such infrastructure. Building a nationwide network would cost tens of billions of dollars. That means most electric owners will be charging at home initially. Plugin hybrids, which primarily run on batteries but also have gasoline-powered engines to supplement range and power, can get by on standard household current. They’re ready to roll in five or six hours. All-electric cars, however, can take well over a day to charge unless owners invest thousands of dollars in home electrical upgrades. A rewarding experience For those willing (and able) to take the plunge, however, the rewards of owning electrified cars could include the financial kind. Thanks to a provision in last year’s 700-billion Wall Street bailout legislation, buyers of electric or plug-in hybrid cars can qualify for a tax credit of as much as 7,500. Routine maintenance could be a bargain too. Since these vehicles use simple electric motors rather than complex gasoline or diesel engines, as well as pared-down or in some cases nonexistent transmissions, they are far easier to service than conventional vehicles. There’s no oil to change, no radiator to flush. There are other perks as well. In California, electric vehicles still qualify for special stickers that permit their drivers to travel solo in the state’s carpool lanes. The stickers expire in 2011, but lawmakers are considering extending the privilege until 2016. It’s unclear whether plug-in hybrids will qualify. With all the excitement brewing over electric vehicles, it’s easy to forget that 98~ of the cars sold in America still have traditional drive trains. Simply put, the gasoline engine isn’t going to disappear overnight. Even the most vociferous boosters of plug-in vehicles admit that the greater range and lower cost of internal combustion-powered cars and trucks mean they’ll dominate vehicle sales for at least another decade or two. And for some applications, like hauling a trailer over the Rockies, they may never go away.According to Roland Hwang, we can infer that ______. A．The electric vehicles will take up the automotive market gradually.B．The electric vehicles will quit the automotive market gradually.C．The conventional car is better than the electric vehicles.D．The electric vehicles encounter some challenges.

({B)} Genetically Modified Foods -- Feed the World ({/B)} If you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner party, bring up the topic about genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, health, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long agrarian traditions -- and vocal green lobbies -- the idea seems against nature. In fact, genetically modified foods are already yew much a part of our lives. A third of the corn and more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the US last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic is out of the bottle. Yet there are clearly some very real issues that, need to be resolved, lake any new product entering the food chain, genetically modified foods must be subjected to rigorous testing. In wealthy count, des, the debate about biotech is tempered by the fact that we have a rich array of foods to choose from -- and a supply that far exceeds our needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations; the issue is simpler and much more urgent: Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world’s population reached 6 billion. And by 2050, the UN estimates, it will be probably near 9 billion. Almost all that growth will occur in developing countries. At the same time, the world’s available cultivable land per person is declining. Arable land has declined steadily since 1960 and will decrease by half over the next 50 years, according to the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications (ISAAA).({B)}How can biotech help ({/B)} Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice that is fortified with beta-carotene(β-胡萝卜素)―which the body converts into vitamin A -- and additional iron, mid they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attribution to pests, drought, poor soil and crop viruses, bacteria or fungi (真菌). Damage caused by pests is incredible. The European corn borer, for example, destroys 40 million tons of the world’s corn crops annual]y, about 7% of the total. Incorporating pest-resistant genes into seeds can help restore the balance. In trials of pest-resistant cotton in Africa, yields have increased significantly. So far, fears that genetically modified, pest-resistant crops might kill good insects as well as bad appear unfounded. Viruses often cause massive failure in staple crops in developing countries. Two years ago, Africa lost more than half its cassava(树薯) crop --- a key source of calories -- to the mosaic virus. Genetically modified, virus-resistant crops can reduce that damage, as can drought-tolerant seeds in regions where water shortages limit the amount of land under cultivation. Biotech can also help solve the problem of soil that contains excess aluminum, which can damage roots and cause many staple-crop failures. A gene that helps neutralize aluminum toxicity(毒性) in rice has been identified. Many scientists believe biotech could raise overall crop productivity in developing countries as much as 25% and help prevent the loss of those crops after they are harvested. Yet for all that promise, biotech is far from being the whole answer. In developing countries, lost crops are only one cause of hunger. Poverty plays the largest role. Today more than I billion people around the globe live on less than I dollar a day. Making genetically modified crops available will not reduce hunger if farmers cannot afford to grow them or if the local population cannot afford to buy the food those farmers produce. Biotech has its own "distribution" problems. Private-sector biotech companies in the rich countries carry out much of the leading-edge research on genetically modified crops. Their products are often too costly for poor farmers in the developing world, and many of those products won’t even reach the regions where they are most needed. Biotech firms have a strong financial incentive to target rich markets first in order to help them rapidly recoup the high costs of product development. But some of these companies are responding to needs of poor countries. More and more biotech research is being carried out in developing countries. But to increase the impact of genetic research on tile food production of those countries, there is a need for better collaboration between government agencies -- both local and in developed countries -- and private biotech firms. The ISAAA, for example, is successfully partnering with the US Agency for International Development, local researches and private biotech companies to find and deliver biotech solutions for farmers in developing countries.({B)}Will "Franken-foods" feed the world ({/B)} Biotech is not a panacea(治百病的药), but it does promise to transform agriculture in many developing countries. If that promise is not fulfilled, the real losers will be their people, who could suffer for years to come. The world seems increasingly to have been divided into those who favor genetically modified (GM) foods and those who fear them. Advocates assert that growing genetically altered crops can be kinder to the environment and that eating foods from those plants is perfectly safe. And, they say, genetic engineering -- which can induce plants to grow in poor soils or to produce more nutritious foods -- will soon become an essential tool for helping to feed the world’s burgeoning(迅速发展的) population. Skeptics contend that genetically modified crops could pose unique risks to the environment and to health -- risks too troubling to accept placidly. Taking that view, many European countries are restricting the planting and importation of genetically modified agricultural products. Much of the debate hinges on perceptions of safety. But what exactly does recent scientific research say about the hazards Two years ago in Edinburgh, Scotland, eco-vandals stormed a field, crushing canola plants. Last year in Maine, midnight raiders hacked down more than 3,000 experimental poplar trees. And in San Diego, protesters smashed sorghum and sprayed paint over greenhouse walls. This far-flung outrage took aim at genetically modified crops. But the protests backfired: all the destroyed plants were conventionally bred. In each case, activists mistook ordinary plants for genetically modified varieties. It’s easy to understand why. In a way, genetically modified crops -- now on some 109 million acres of farmland worldwide -- are invisible. You can’t see, taste or touch a gene inserted into a plant or sense its effects on the environment. You can’t tell, just by looking, whether pollen containing a foreign gene can poison butterflies or fertilize plants miles away. That invisibility is precisely what worries people. How, exactly, will genetically modified crops affect the environment -- and when will we notice Advocates of genetically modified or transgenic crops say the plants will benefit the environment by requiring fewer toxic pesticides than conventional crops. But critics fear the potential risks and wonder how big the benefits really are. "We have so many questions about these plants," remarks Guenther Stotzky, a soil microbiologist at New York University. "There’s a lot we don’t know and need to find out." As genetically modified crops multiply in the landscape, unprecedented numbers of researchers have started fanning into the fields to get the missing information. Some of their recent findings are reassuring; others suggest a need for vigilance.Majority of people in those countries maintaining a long history of agriculture believe ______. A．genetically modified crop is beneficialB．genetically modified crop causes environmental problemsC．high-tech crop is a great benefit to the worldD．genetically modified foods is a heated topic

In recent years，there have been many films about robots trying to take over the world.Studies show that up to 20 million factory jobs worldwide could be taken by robots in the next 10 years.Some people are worried about what might happen in the future. On 8th September，2020，the Guardian printed an article written by a robot called GPT-3.It wrote that "robot" comes from the Greek word for "slave" （奴隶） and humans have nothing to fear from robots，which are only here to help humans.However，the fact that a robot could write such an article has made some people feel even more uneasy.Where is the robot technology heading？Can robots and humans work together peacefully？ YES-they're here to help humans! Robots are created by humans for humans.Robots take on jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by themselves.Although robots might take some people's jobs，they will create new types of work，and they will possibly create more jobs than they take away.Besides，robots are not influenced by feelings，so they are more reliable than humans. NO-humans should not trust robots! Robots are already taking over the world.Jobs that used to be done by human beings are now being taken by robots.Although robots are under our control now，that might not always be the case.An experiment in Switzerland found that some robots had learnt how to lie to each other.With the development of AI （人工智能），robots could start to act in their own interests.Wherever possible，human should do things themselves. What's your opinion on this matter？（1）How do some people feel when learning that GPT-3 wrote an article to argue for robots？ ____ A.Excited.B.Proud.C.Angry.D.Nervous.（2）What is the advantage of robots for humans？ ____ A.Working with rich feelings.B.Acting in their own interests.C.Developing AI technology.D.oing unsafe work for humans.（3）What are some people worried about？ ____ A.Smart robots will take over the world in the next 10 years.B.Humans will create more new jobs than robots take away.C.Robots will be out of the control of humans in the future.D.More films about robots taking over the world will come out.（4）What's the best title for the passage？ ____ A.Will Robots Become More Creative？A.Will Roberts Become More Creative？B.Should Humans Believe in Robots？C.ould Robots Do more for Humans？D.Must Humans Do Things Themselves？

阅读理解We know health is important in everyone's life. Here are some ways to keep healthy.•Eat a balanced diet. Eat a lot of fruit and vegetables, some grain(谷物)and a little meat.•Exercise twice or three times a week.•Get enough sleep. It is best to get eight hours' sleep a day.•Keep yourself busy. This is good because it stops you from having bad habits. To keep yourself busy, you can walk around the house, spend time with your pet, do sports, or has a hobby.•Go out and make friends. Spend time and have fun with them. Talk with them, but try not to talk about anything bad. You should stay with the people who are healthy.(1)How often should you exercise if you want to get health?A.Every day.B.Twice a day.C.Three times a month.D.Twice or three times a week.(2)How many hours do you need to sleep every day?A.Seven. B.Eight. C.Nine. D.Ten.(3)The underlined word "it" refers to(指)______.A.eating a balanced diet B.exercising more C.keeping yourself busy D.making friends(4)Which of the following is NOT true?A.We can eat a lot of meat to keep healthy.B.We need to exercise.C.It's good to make some friends.D.We can spend our free time doing sports.(5)What's the best title for this passage?A.Eating Habits B.Playing Sports C.Making Friends D.How to Get HealthA lot of people like taking a trip with no plans. They think it is very exciting and has more fun. But in fact, it is not good. Making vacation plans is very important.First, a vacation plan can make sure that everything goes well. If you visit a place but you don't book a hotel, you may have no place to stay at night.Second, you have lots of things to take with you for a vacation. You need to plan what things you have to buy and what things you need to put in bags. For example, you want to visit one place, but when you arrive at the airport(机场), you forget to bring your plane ticket! You may be late for the plane.Third, making a vacation plan can help you save a lot of money. No one wants to spend more money than they want to. If you surf the Internet before you go on a vacation, you may find some cheap plane tickets and hotel rooms.Next time when you go on a vacation, try to write down some plans. They can help you have more fun in your vacation.(1)The writer thinks that taking a trip with no plans is ______.A.interesting B.relaxing C.bad D.exciting(2)From this passage we can know it's very important to ______.A.make a vacation planB.take a trip by planeC.surf the InternetD.visit a place with more money(3)______ can make sure that everything goes well during the vacation.A.Bringing your plane ticketB.ooking a cheap hotel roomC.Taking many things with youD.Making a vacation plan(4)The underlined word "book" in the passage means "______" in Chinese.A.装修 B.预订 C.扩建 D.推荐(5)The passage mainly tells us ______.A.why we must make a vacation planB.it's important to have more funC.how we can make a vacation planD.what we must take during the vacationMost people work or study from Monday to Friday. The weekend is usually a time of rest. Today's Chinese teenagers can hardly rest during the weekend.According to a survey, 24% of the Grade 8 students in Beijing have classes at the weekend. Over 40% of the middle school students have less than eight hours' sleep each night because of study. And this isn't only in Beijing. Ji Chunying is a Grade 9 student in Guangzhou. The 14-year-old girl has to get up at 6:45 am on Saturday. Then she has a whole day of classes. On Sunday, she goes to extra classes for maths and physics. But Ji doesn't complain. She says her classmates all work very hard.However, some students are much luckier. They don't have to go to school on weekends. Ding Yi, a Grade 8 student from Jinan, Shandong, is one of them. And she's a top student. During the weekend, Ding usually gets up at 8 am. Then she spends some time doing homework. After that she is free to go shopping or watch TV.Ding said her mother once wanted her to try extra classes. But when they asked Ding's teacher about it, the teacher said it was unnecessary. "My teacher said I didn't need to push myself too much. Learning well at school is enough," Ding said. "I feel pretty lucky."(1)Over 40% of the middle school students have less than eight hours' sleep each night because of ______.A.playing computer games B.playing with friends C.busy study D.watching TV(2)How many students are mentioned in this passage?A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5(3)We can learn from the passage that ______.A.some middle school students can enjoy their weekendsB.all the students in China are busy studying on the weekendC.every student in China has to go to extra classes on the weekendD.all the students complain about their busy weekends(4)What does the underlined word "extra" mean in Chinese in this passage?A.额外的 B.非常的 C.特别的 D.特大的(5)The passage may be a ______.A.story of science B.school notice(通知) C.short play D.news report

一、单选题（每小题1分，共20分）( )1．---Could you please sweep the floor?---_____________. I have to do my homework.A．Yes, sure. B．Why not C．Sorry, you can’t D．Sorry, I can’t( )2．Susan，please ____ your quilt after you get up in the morning.A．make B．fold C．take D．sweep( )3．Remember，boys and girls.________ you study，________ grades you will get.A．Harder；better B．The hard；the goodC．The harder；the better D．The hardest；the best( )4．—Can I ________ your car?—Sorry，I ________it to Jane yesterday.A．borrow；borrowed B．lend；lent C．borrow；lent D．lent；borrowed( )5．Mr.Wang did his best to make money ________have a better life.A．in order to B．in order that C．so that D．such that( )6．Could you please ____________ pictures on the wall?A．not to draw B．don’t draw C．not draw D．not drawing( )7．—Why are you so upset，Nancy?—I didn't ________ the math exam.A．develop B．throw C．raise D．pass( )8．—Why did your brother looked at you _____surprise?—Because I didn't help him take out the rubbish.A．in B．on C．at D．with( )9．Playing computer games for a long time is a _____ of time.A．kill B．use C．cost D．waste( )10．--Remember this,children.___careful you are,____mistakes you will make.--We know Mr.Li.A．The more,the more B．The fewer,the more C．The more,the fewer D．The less,the less( )11．—Do you mind ________ the problem in the room? —Of course not.A．discuss B．discussing C．to discuss D．discussed( )12．Could you please ________ some tea ________ me?A．provide；to B．provide；with C．give；for D．provide；for( )13．Whether you will succeed or not ________ how hard you work.A．depends on B．depends at C．looks after D．in order to( )14．It' s your job to ________the kids.A．take care well B．take care of well C．look good after D．take good care of( )15．If you have remembered the words.There is no need for you ________．A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote( )16．—I don’t like doing chores. —_____.A．So do I B．Neither did I C．Neither do I D．Neither I do( )17．—Could you please help me choose an MP4 on line? —_______. My computer doesn’t work.A．I think so B．I hope so C．I’m afraid I can’t D．I don’t agree( )18．Jack invited me ________ to the movie.A．go B．going C．went D．to go( )19．—Could I go out with my friend on Sunday?—________.A．No，you don't B．Yes，you could C．Yes，you can D．Yes，you do( )20．Could you please ________ loudly here？Emma is doing her homework.A．don't talk B．not talk C．no talk D．not to talk二、完型填空（每小题1分，共10分）At the age of six，our kids began to help us with the housework. They helped ___21.__ their pets and clean the house. Now my daughter Cindy can do many __22.___ of housework. Last week，she even helped me __23.___．We were happy because it was very delicious. I think doing housework is a good way for them to learn a lot of life skills (技能)．I like getting kids to start doing housework early for a few ___24.__．First，it is fun for kids to help. Kids like to _25__ together with their parents. They don't want their parents to get everything ready for them. Sometimes they like to do things by themselves. It's a good idea to ___26.__ them help you when you are busy. Second，it's never too __27.__ for them to learn some things. However，having kids do chores doesn't __28.__ taking away their play time. It's to let them feel the __29.__ of working together with family.__30.__，it works well. Now our children always help me with the housework and they feel happy about it.( )21．A．look after B．look at C．get back D．worry about( )22．A．differences B．kinds C．ways D．boxes( )23．A．sweep the floor B．do the dishes C．do the cleaning D．cook dinner( )24．A．words B．reasons C．lessons D．ideas( )25．A．work B．play C．sit D．bring( )26．A．borrow B．let C．drive D．invite( )27．A．early B．popular C．important D．easy( )28．A．raise B．teach C．mean D．think( )29．A．sadness B．joy C．time D．team( )30．A．Finally B．Hardly C．Firstly D．Lonely三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）（A）Research says that husbands do not do their fair share of work around the house.A study from an American university says that men seldom do the same share of housework.Researchers interviewed 182 working couples who became first－time parents.Both husbands and wives worked almost the same number of hours in full－time jobs.However，men did five hours a week less housework than women after their baby was born..It is a different story for mothers.Becoming a parent added about 21 hours a week to a mother's work.Most of this was looking after her baby.New fathers did not do more work because they did not realize the mother was doing so much more.Another reason is that after a baby is born，fathers follow the “traditional” roles.That is，the mother looks after the baby and the father works outside.This happens even when the mother is working the same number of hours in her job.( )31．It is found that ________ do less housework.A．wives B．husbands C．parents D．babies( )32．The underlined sentence “It is a different story for mothers.” probably means “________”．A．Mothers come from different families B．Mothers like reading different storiesC．Mothers work more hours than fathers D．Different mothers have different children( )33．What is the “traditional” role of a father?A．Working outside. B．Looking after the baby.C．Doing housework. D．Doing part－time jobs.( )34．Which part of a newspaper can this passage be taken from?A．Sports. B．Medicine. C．News. D．Society.( )35．How many couples were interviewed according to the passage?A．One hundred and eighty－two. B．Twenty－one. C．Five. D．Many.（B）It was early on a sunny Sunday.Mark got up and decided to do some chores around the house.He thought it would be good to feed the cat first.He got the cat food out of the kitchen.He also gave the cat some fresh water.It was nine o'clock.He thought that to do the dishes should be the next.Mark hated doing the dishes.So，he began and finished the dishes in half an hour.Around ten，he started to clean the house.He spent one hour and a half on it.It was difficult to clean the floor because there were lots of cat hairs.Then Mark began to sort(把……分类) all of his rubbish.It was an easy chore for him to do，and he thought it was good to the environment，so it was his favorite chore.About twenty minutes later，he finished it.The morning of doing chores was over.What did Mark do next? He had a rest and enjoyed his lunch.( )36．Mark ________ first that day.A．cooked breakfast B．fed the cat C．washed the clothes D．walked the dog( )37．Some ________ made cleaning the floor difficult.A．cat hairs B．dirty food C．old books D．waste paper( )38．It took Mark ________ minutes to do the dishes.A．twenty B．thirty C．sixty D．ninety( )39．Which chore did Mark like doing best?A．Doing the dishes. B．Cleaning the house. C．Feeding the cat. D．Sorting the rubbish.( )40．Mark finished all his chores ________.A．at about ten am B．in the evening C．before twelve o'clock D．after 1：30 pm（C）Linda，14My mother does most of the housework like cooking and folding the clothes.My father can only do the washing，sweep the floor and take out the rubbish.He really needs to learn how to do the housework.Celina，13My mother and my father do 50% of the housework each.My mother does the washing and cleans the living room.My father makes the bed and drives me to school.Paul，16My father doesn't do a lot but he tries to help.He hangs__up the clothes after my mother washes them and my mother is happy that he always gives her a hand.Bill，15My mother is a doctor.She is busy with her work every day，so she has little time to do the housework.In fact，she isn't good at doing it.So my father has to do most of it.Sometimes my grandmother comes to help.( )41．Linda's father doesn't ________ at home.A．do the washing B．take out the rubbish C．sweep the floor D．fold the clothes( )42．How does Celina go to school?A．By bike. B．By bus. C．By car. D．By subway.( )43．The underlined phrase “hangs up” means “________” in Chinese.A．闲逛 B．晾晒 C．熨烫 D．清洗( )44．Whose father does most of the housework?A．Linda's. B．Celina's. C．Paul's. D．Bill's.( )45．Which of the following is TRUE?A．Linda is one year older than Celina but one year younger than Bill.B．Celina's father needs to learn how to do the housework.C．Paul's mother is angry with his father because he never helps her with the housework.D．Bill's grandmother helps Bill with his school work.四、用所给单词的正确形式填空（每小题0.5分，共5分）46．Why not mind _____________(open) the door?47．I think two hours of TV ____ (be) enough for you.48．“Why are you late again？” my teacher shouted at me ___________(angry)．49．Can you tell me how _____________(work) on the computers?50．I spent all the morning _________(help) my mother clean the house.51．The small factory __________ (develop) well two years ago.52．David always thinks it's __________ (fair) for him to do so much housework.53．His notebook _____________(drop) on the floor when he came into the room.54．Don't worry.I will take _______ (careful) of your little son when you're out.55．Could you please _______ (fold) the clothes?五、填写适当的单词补全句子（每小题1分，共5分）56．My mother is watching TV w______my father is reading the magazine.57．Zhang Ling h________ talk shows because he thinks they are boring.58．Don't t________ the rubbish everywhere.You should put it in the dustbin(垃圾箱)．59．Look! How dirty the floor is! Please s_________ it right away.60．Tom doesn't care about the problem.It's only a w_________ of time to talk about it with him.六、句型转换（每小题2分，共10分）61．You’d better take out the trash. (改为否定句)You’d better ______ ______ ______ the trash.62．It’s a very boring thing. (改为感叹句)______ _______ ______ ______!63．I have to study for the math test.（改为否定句）I ______ _____ ______ study for the math test.64．She cleans her room twice a week. (划线部分提问)_____ ______ _____ she clean her room?65．He’s making his bed. (对划线部分提问)_____ _____he ______?七、补全对话（每小题2分，共10分）A：Hello，Scott.I have many chores to do today.66．____________________________________B：Sure! What do you want me to do?A：I'm going to have a party at home.Could you please help me clean the living room?B：67．____________________________________A：Oh，I also want to move the table away.B：68．____________________________________A：I want to put it next to the window.B：69．____________________________________A：Oh，my cat.Could you help me feed it?B：OK.I like to look after cats.A：70．____________________________________B：Not at all.八、书面表达（共10分）71．在上周的英语课上，老师组织全班同学就“做家务”这个话题进行讨论。假如以下是你所做的小组讨论记录，请你根据这个记录用英语向全班同学作一个汇报。NameHouseworkTobyclean the room and make his bed on weekendsAnnhelp Mom cook dinner and do the dishesSandywash the clothesI… 要求：1.词数70左右；2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。Dear class，Good morning！Now let me report the result of our group discussion last week___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its 5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency´ s other work—such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?" It´ s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country," he says. We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, "Wait a minute, is this OK?" "Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?"Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change—how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn´ t come at the expense of the rest of the equation."The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways," he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to "an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited".At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire´ s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says."We´ ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire," Balch says. "It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today. "第36题More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they____.A.exhausted unprecedented management effortsB.consumed a record-high percentage of budgetC.severely damaged the ecology of western statesD.caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure第37题Moritz calls for the use of "a magnifying glass" to____.A.raise more funds for fire prone areasB.avoid the redirection of federal moneyC.find wildfire-free parts of the landscapeD.guarantee safer spending of public funds第38题While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that____.A.public debates have not settled yetB.fire-fighting conditions are improvingC.other factors should not be overlookedD.a shift in the view of fire has taken place第39题The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to____.A.discover the fundamental makeup of natureB.explore the mechanism of the human systemsC.maximize the role of landscape in human lifeD.understand the interrelations of man and nature第40题Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should____.A.do away e to terms withC.pay a price forD.keep away from上一题 下一题(41~45/共5题)Part B  Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Make your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. " We don´ t make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every year. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages. "They´ re harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, " They may be coming[into the workforce], but they´ ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing as well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.But it doesn´ t __11__ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the __12__ of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the __13__ of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could __14__ strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the __15__ of work may be a bit overblown. "Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential, " says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively __16__ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional __17__ of their jobs. "When I come home from a hard day´ s work, I often feel __18__ ," Danaher says, adding, "In a world in which I don ´ t have to work, I might feel rather different"—perhaps different enough to throw himself __19__ a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for __20__ matters.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keeps a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of 13 an hour that rises to 17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he´ s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It´ s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating," he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennial "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren´ t misplaced; Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2015. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels." The gap is between the jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There´ re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don´ t need to have much skill. It´ s that gap in between, and that´ s where the problem is. "Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives," she says.[A]says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.[B]points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don´ t need much skill.[C]points out that the US doesn´t manufacture anything anymore.[D]believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers.[E]says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.[F]points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.[G]says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay—off the young people´ s parents.第41题Jay Dunwell ______第42题Jason Stenquist ______第43题Birgit Klohs   ______第44题Rob Spohr ______第45题Julie Parks ______上一题 下一题(1/1)Section II Reading Comprehension Part C第46题My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course " Fashion Media Promotion". ____________上一题 下一题(1/1)Part ADirections: Write a composition/letter of no less than 100 words on the following information. (10 points)第47题Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to(1)accept the invitation, and(2)introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming " instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)________________________上一题 下一题(1/1)Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160 - 200 words based on the following information. (20 points)第48题Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay,you should(1)interpret the chart, and(2)give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)

If we ________ early in the morning, we should reach the coast before dark．A. take offB. set offC. set upD. take up

The passengers watched sympathetically as the woman made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the bus driver and 1 the seat which the driver had told her was empty. Then she 2 . It had been a year since Susan 34 became blind. Due to a medical misdiagnosis(误诊) she was 3 thrown into a world of darkness frustration and self-pity. And all she had to stick to was her husband Mark. Mark was an air force officer and he loved Susan with all his heart. He was 4 to help his wife gain the strength and 5 . For the first two weeks Mark 6 Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other 7 specifically her hearing to determine where she was and how to 8 to the new environment. 9 Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip on her own. Monday morning she said good-bye and for the first time they went 10 ways. On Friday morning Susan took the bus to work 11 . As she was getting off the bus the driver said “Boy I do 12 you.” Susan had no idea 13 the driver was talking about and asked “What do you mean?” The driver answered “You know every morning for the past 14 a fine looking gentleman in a military uniform has been standing across the corner 15 you get off the bus and cross the street safely. He watches 16 you enter your office building. You are one 17 lady.” Tears of 18 poured down Susan’s cheeks. Mark had given her a gift more 19 than sight a gift that can bring 20 where there is darkness. 1．A．felt B．touched C．spotted D．took 1 3 5 2．A．set back B．turned around C．fell down D．settled in 3．A．gradually B．eventually C．suddenly D．deliberately 4．A．expected B．forced C．encouraged D．determined 5．A．patience B．confidence C．dependence D．competence 6．A．advised B．accompanied C．persuaded D．inspired 7．A．feelings B．abilities C．senses D．organs 8．A．move B．keep C．adapt D．lead 9．A．Actually B．Hopefully C．surprisingly D．Finally 10．A．separate B．similar C．opposite D．private 11．A．as usual B．at ease C．on purpose D．by chance 12．A．envy B．respect C．adore D．appreciate 13．A．which B．what C．that D．why 14．A．month B．week C．day D．year 15．A．noticing B．observing C．watching D．discovering 16．A．as B．unless C．once D．until 17．A．attractive B．lucky C．wealthy D．unique 18．A．anxiety B．excitement C．gratitude D．satisfaction 19．A．significant B．touching C．beneficial D．powerful 20．A．light B．warmth C．courage D．comfort