Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.-|||-Born black in a land where white people were powerful and respected,born-|||-female in a land where decisions were masculine(另子的),I had been afraid of the life-|||-of poverty and despair.In the prime of my youth,whenever I thought about growing-|||-old,I always carried a profound belief that I wouldn`t live past the age of 28.Tears-|||-would fill my eyes and bathe my face when I thought of dying before my son became-|||-an adolescent-|||-was thirty-six before I realized I had lived years beyond my deadline and-|||-needed to revise my thinking about an early death.would live to see my son an adult-|||-and myself at the half-century mark.With that realization life turned sweeter.Old-|||-acquaintances became frie and new acquaintances showed themselves more-|||-interesting.I did not live in undue absorption in the bygone loves burdened with-|||-disappointments and betrayals.I found new loves were coming.-|||-decided I would consent to living to an old age.White strands of hair would-|||-emerge near my temple(太阳穴).I would speak more slowly,choosing my words just-|||-like an elder stateswoman.My clothes would gradually become more distinguished--|||-looking: gray suits and elegant dresses.And while I would refuse to wear old ladies`-|||-comforts,I would give away the three inch-high heels that had given me the-|||-advantage of being taller than nearly everyone else in the world.And I would choose-|||-good shoes with medium heels.I would keep company with other old women who-|||-would be equally prettily dressed,and I would always have an elegant,well dressed-|||-man holding my arm.-|||-Those were my plans.But at sixty my body which had never displayed a mind-|||-of its own,turned uncontrollable,stu and disloyal.My face became wrinkled,-|||-the skin on my thighs turned lumpy(粗糙的)and my waist thickened.I began to be-|||-overwhelmed with doubt and pessimism-|||-But now,as walk slowly nearer to my seventieth year,my optimism has returned-|||-My appetites have also returned.True,I can`t eat fried chicken with potato salad and-|||-then head for bed.I eat smaller portions earlier and try to take a short walk.A smooth-|||-Scotch whisky still causes me to smile, and a decent wine is received with gratitude-|||-What I have learned so far about aging,despite the old bones and the wrinkles of-|||-one`s once-silken skin,is this:do it.By all means,do it.-|||-61.The narrator believed she wouldn`t live past the age of 28 because __-|||-A)her parents did not live past that age-|||-B)she could not live long without her son-|||-C)her husband was white and treated her badly at home-|||-D)the prospect of leading a life of poverty and without respect rendered her hopeless-|||-62.Deciding she would live to an old age,the narrator planned her future life in a-|||-way that she would __-|||-A)speak more slowly and wear old ladies`comforts-|||-B)speak like an elder stateswoman and dre herself elegantly-|||-C)make friends with other elegantly dressed men and women-|||-D) wear shoes with high heels to give her the advantage of being taller-|||-63.Which word can be used to describe the narrator`s attitude towar life when she-|||-reached sixty?-|||-A)Resentful B)Optimistic. C)Pessimistic. D)Grateful-|||-64.Which of the following statements is true about the narrator?-|||-A)As she grew older,she found life more difficult.-|||-B)Only when she turned 70 did she find life sweet.-|||-C)As she grew old,she spent more time in the bygone loves.-|||-D)At different stages of her life,she had different understandings aging-|||-65.By describing her life experiences,what does the author intend to tell us?-|||-A)Black women should earn more power and respect.-|||-B)Different people have different interpretations and death.-|||-C)Old people should pursue spiritual happiness instead of material things.-|||-D)A person should be optimistic and try to enjoy life even when he is old.
The streets were empty ______ the policemen on duty.A. besidesB. exceptC. exceptingD. except for
To their surprise, these old African underline( | ) have some similarities to modern pop songs.(melodious)
Sibling relationshipsPerhaps because most societies place so much emphasis on the parent-child relationship, there is a relative lack of information on the relationships among brothers and sisters. Yet sibling relationships can play important roles in our development as individuals and often bring just as much, if not more, joy, anger, pain, frustration, and pleasure. Relationships with brothers and sisters are also the longest that we will experience in our lives, since most siblings outlive parents and they begin earlier than those we establish with friends.Many parents still believe in the story that their children should naturally just get along, being loving, affectionate, and supportive of each other. However, the studies that do exist on siblings show that this natural harmony is much more fiction than fact. The earliest research on relationships among siblings developed the common theme that brothers and sisters relate to each other mainly in a rivalrous (竞争的) way, competing for parental attention and status within the family unit. It is true that young siblings often fight with each other, putting the pressure on the entire family. In fact, family psychologists report that quarrels among siblings is one of the top concerns of their clients.Many studies agree that sibling rivalry is strongest between brothers -- especially when they are close in age, and that the rivalry continues into adulthood with increasing conflicts, competition, and jealousy. This effect is most definite when the brothers have jobs of unequal status, for example if one is a Wall Street broker and the other a furniture salesman. One 1962 study even showed that male workers were happiest with their jobs when they felt that they were doing better than their brothers and least satisfied when they felt their brothers were in a ‘better’ job. Another study in 1975 concluded that siblings use each other to as ‘measuring sticks’ to evaluate how well they are doing in life. As a result, when one sibling seems to have better performance in work, the relationship can become tense.Rivalry is the basis of the most sibling interaction problems. In a typical family, each sibling wants and will fight in various ways for the attention the others are receiving. Rivalry can become especially obvious when one of the children has a disability, because the parents will have to spend more time with the disabled child. Small children do not understand this, since they only consider another child as a threat, and will work harder to attract more parental attention. Unless the parents are careful to provide structure and limits, this usually results in the disabled child receiving too little attention, adding to the child’s disadvantages later in life.Rivalry seems to occur least between brothers and sisters, while sisters often report becoming much closer as they grow into adulthood. However, these comparisons can be cheating. Some child behaviorists suggest that they are, in fact, false, and that people only have these impressions because boys’ competition is more visible. Boys tend to fight physically. But girls tend to fight verbally, with their words full of hatred and anger. If the siblings do not live together, the rivalry will decrease a lot. Recent research suggests that competition with siblings may not fade in fact, but that many people are unwilling to admit this, believing such emotions to be immature or unworthy.Children’s natural selfishness is a normal part of all sibling relationships.Most is no cause for alarm. In fact, overreacting to such competition can do more harm than good, although ignoring it is not helpful, either. According to several studies, most parents then to react to conflict with passive behavior, for example, they do and say nothing, or they simply tell the children to expressing and learning about their emotions and can actually prolong their rivalry into adulthood. A more effective way for parents is to model positive behavior in their adult relationships and to reward it in their children. They can make such statements as, “I am so proud of you two for working together on the project,” or “Seeing you share your toys with your sister makes me very happy.” Also, researchers suggest that parents sit down with their children and act as a mediator to settle the quarrels.【小题1】One misunderstanding among parents is that_______. A．children can naturally get along well with their brothers and sisters. B．children fight with each other when they are young. C．brothers and sisters compete for the status within the family unit. D．brothers and sisters struggle for parents’ attention. 【小题2】Research findings show that a man shows the highest level of satisfaction with his job when his brother ________. A．achieves success in his career. B．chooses the same job. C．takes a job of lower status. D．finds ‘measuring sticks’ to motivate him. 【小题3】The disabled child in a family may get less attention from the parents because ________. A．he is not healthy and capable. B．he annoys the parents by taking up too much of their time. C．other children of the family speak badly of him in front of the parents. D．other children of the family, out of jealousy, call the parents’ attention to themselves on purpose. 【小题4】Seeing conflicts among children, parents should _________. A．tell the children to stop fighting and criticize them strictly. B．recognize children’s shining points and mediate conflicts. C．read the children stories about positive behavior. D．ignore their conflicts.
How Important Is Knowledge Knowledge Makes the Difference between Poverty and Wealth Forty years ago, Ghana and the Republic of Korea had about the same income per capita. By 1990, Korea’’s income was six times higher than Ghana’’s. While part of the difference is due to more investment and more workers, half of the difference is attributed to Korea’’s greater success in organizing and using knowledge.’’Knowledge Makes the Difference between Sickness and Health Knowledge doesn’’t only mean higher economic growth and higher incomes. It can also mean a better quality of life, such as a cleaner environment and better health. In recent decades, infant mortality rates have declined sharply for people in all income groups. Even very poor families suffer fewer infant deaths today than equally poor families suffered ten years ago. Reason: the advance of knowledge has made possible new drugs and vaccines, better sanitation practices, and more effective public health campaigns.What Kind of Knowledge Our report focuses on two types of knowledge that are especially important to development. First, technical knowledge or simply know-how. Examples are nutrition and birth control, engineering and accounting. Poor countries and poor people have less know-how than others, and these knowledge gaps make it harder for people to escape poverty. Second, knowledge about attributes or characteristics, such as the purity of milk, the diligence of a worker, the solvency (偿付能力) of a firm, and the security of a bank. When this information is lacking, markets function badly ―or fail. We call the difficulties arising from lack of this type of knowledge information problems. Information problems are often worse in developing countries and they especially hurt the poor.Knowledge Gaps and Information Problems in the Green Revolution The Green Revolution illustrates how dealing with both types of problems can improve people’’s lives. The first steps in the Green Revolution involved narrowing knowledge gaps ― research to develop new seed and techniques, and teach the new techniques to farmers. But the potential of the Green Revolution could not be dug up unless poor farmers obtained loans to buy new seeds and fertilizer. As we will see, credit for the poor is a classic information problem. Lack of credit and other information problems turned out to be as important and difficult as the original agricultural research. One study in India found that for a typical family with a small parcel of land, the loss of potential income over five years from slow adoption and inefficient use of high-yielding varieties was nearly four times its annual income before the introduction of the new seeds. As these problems were solved, through research, agricultural extension services and later through micro credit, the Green Revolution indeed helped the poor. Incomes of small farmers almost doubled and the incomes of landless laborers ― the poorest of the poor ― more than doubled. The two types of problem often overlap and interact, as in the case of the Green Revolution. To narrow knowledge gaps ― both between and within countries ― it is necessary to know how knowledge can be acquired, how it can be absorbed, and how it can be communicated.Acquiring Knowledge Most new knowledge is being created in richer countries, where spending on research and development is the highest. Fortunately, developing countries don’’t need to re-invent the light bulb, or the computer, or the vaccine for measles. In many cases, tapping global knowledge will be quickest and easiest way to narrow knowledge gaps. How Foreign direct investment, trade, and ― in an era of strengthened intellectual property rights ― licensing are all important mechanisms for acquiring knowledge from abroad. And countries should not neglect the knowledge in their own backyard, such as traditional knowledge about ecosystems and medicinal plants. China, Brazil, India and Korea are building their own research capacity, to complement the acquisition of knowledge from abrade.Absorbing Knowledge Education is more important than ever before. In the past 20 years, the share of medium and high-technology goods in world trade has more than doubled, to half of world trade. Basic education remains crucial, but it is no longer enough. To compete globally, a country’’s workforce must include people with advanced technical training and higher education. At the household level, too, education is crucial. It is well known that educated women have healthier children and that farmers with more schooling are quicker to adopt new techniques. Despite great changes, too many poor people ― especially women ― remain illiterate. In low-income countries, four out of ten women do not know how to read.Communicating Knowledge Falling communication costs offer new opportunities to cope with these old problems. Computing power and telephone lines cost only one ten-thousandth of what they cost two decades ago. Yet millions of people remain isolated. In the U.S. there are more than 600 telephone lines for every 1,000 people. But in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, there are only 20 telephone lines for every 1,000 people. The problem isn’’t lack of demand. Worldwide about 28 million households and businesses in developing countries are on waiting lists for a telephone line. Many more would gladly pay if only service were available. Breaking up monopolies and introducing more competition can help to increase the supply of phones. In Ghana the number of phone lines increased by 25 percent in the first year after the market was opened to competition. Chile used an innovative scheme to award subsidies to companies that install pay phones in remote villages. By the end of this year almost everybody in Chile will have access to a phone. Even if knowledge gaps were closed entirely, with everyone in the world having the same access to know-how as well-educated people in rich countries, people in poorer countries would still face more serious information problems. Knowledge about attributes ― the quality of a product or the solvency of a firm ― cannot be stored for long. It must be generated on the spot and constantly refreshed. Many of the institutions needed to collect and spread this information are weak or lacking in developing countries. Information problems are especially important in three areas: poverty as is discussed above, finance, and environment.Finance The financial crisis in East Asia is clear reminder of the severity of information problems and the need to develop institutions to deal with them. By now the story is familiar. A build-up of short-term debt inevitably exposes a country to risk. But why was the withdrawal of funds so great Part of the answer lies with inadequate information: depositors, unable to distinguish good banks from bad ones, withdrew their money from all banks; investors, unable to distinguish good firms from bankrupt ones, dumped the shares of all companies. The importance of good accounting standards and the disclosure of information has now been revealed in the worst way possible. Part of the solution then lies in standardized balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements, loan loss provisions, realistic valuation of collateral (抵押品) and so on. Argentina has greatly strengthened its financial sector by adopting a "multiple eyes" approach that involves as many agents as possible in monitoring bank behavior. Capital adequacy ratios are a stiff 11.5 percent; foreign banks hold 45 percent of banking assets, the central bank provides on-line information about companies’’ balance sheets and income statements, and overall supervision of the banks has been greatly strengthened.Environment Information problems underlie many environmental problems, because information about environmental concerns is often unavailable. Some governments have discovered that by gathering and disclosing this information, they can make unexpected progress on tough issues. In Indonesia, the government created incentives for firms to reduce pollution by rating factories’’ environmental performance, from black for the worst water polluters to gold for the very cleanest. In barely a year, one-third of the firms found to be in violation of environmental laws―some of which had been polluting for years ― cleaned up enough to earn the blue rating of firms that comply with the law. Why Partly because investors care about the environment. A recent World Bank study of stock markets in Argentina, Chile, Mexico and the Philippines found that bad environmental news about a company depressed the price of its shares by about 15 percent, while good news raised its share prices about 20 percent.Lack of information can be so severe as to cause a financial crisis. A．YB．NC．NG
3 Translate the following sentences into English by using the sentence patterns in the box.It is the taste of … The food I like the most is …It was unlike any … You can work out if you like it just by …You won't taste anything finer …1 很多中国菜都有自己独特的味道，有时你只需要闻一下就能知道自己喜不喜欢。2 这种豆腐纯手工做成，口感(texture)又软又细，你在市内任何地方都吃不到比这更美味的菜肴。3 对于大部分中国人而言，他们最喜欢的食物是家乡菜。4 店老板推荐的中式点心(dum sum)吃起来外面软，里面脆(crisp)，与我以前吃过的都不一样。5 胡同里有一家食品店售卖我小时候经常吃的一种零食，那是我童年的味道。
Albert Einstein's 1915 masterpiece "The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity" is the first and still the best introduction to the subject，and I recommend it as such to students.But it probably wouldn't be publishable in a scientific journal today. Why not？After all，it would pass with flying colours the tests of correctness and significance.And while popular belief holds that the paper was incomprehensible to its first readers，in fact many papers in theoretical physics are much more difficult. As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote， "There was a time when the newspapers said that only 12 men understood the theory of relativity.I do believe there might have been a time when only one man did，because he was the only guy who caught on，before he wrote his paper.But after people read the paper a lot understood the theory of relativity in some way or other，certainly more than 12." No，the problem is its style.It starts with a leisurely philosophical discussion of space and time and then continues with an exposition of known mathematics.Those two sections，which would be considered extraneous today，take up half the paper.Worse，there are zero citations of previous scientists' work，nor are there any graphics.Those features might make a paper not even get past the first editors. A similar process of professionalization has transformed other parts of the scientific landscape.Requests for research time at major observatories or national laboratories are more rigidly structured.And anything involving work with human subjects，or putting instruments in space，involves piles of paperwork. We see it also in the Regeneron Science Talent Search，the Nobel Prize of high school science competitions.In the early decades of its 78-year history，the winning projects were usually the sort of clever but naive，amateurish efforts one might expect of talented beginners working on their own.Today，polished work coming out of internships （实习） at established laboratories is the norm. These professionalizing tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of modern science.Standardization and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers，applications and people.But there are serious downsides.A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops （繁文缛节），and outsiders face entry barriers at every turn. Of course，Einstein would have found his way to meeting modern standards and publishing his results.Its scientific core wouldn't have changed，but the paper might not be the same taste to read.（1）According to Richard Feynman，Einstein's 1915 paper ____ .A.was a classic in theoretical physicsB.attracted few professionalsC.needed further improvementD.turned out to be comprehensible（2）What does the underlined word "extraneous" in Paragraph 4 mean？ ____ A.Unrealistic.B.Unattractive.C.Irrelevant.D.Imprecise.（3）According to the author，what is affected as modern science develops？ ____ A.The application of research findings.B.The selection of young talents.C.The principle of scientific research.D.The evaluation of laboratories.（4）Which would be the best title for this passage？ ____ A.Could Einstein get published today？B.Will science be professionalized？C.What makes Einstein great？D.How will modern science make advances？
I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite _________.A. eligibleB. sustainableC. probableD. feasible
It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ____ after 11 o'clock at night ．A. were not playedB. not be playedC. not to playD. did not play
Scientists generally agree that Earth"s climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years ________ it has warmed in the 20,000 years since Ice Age.A. so long asB. as much asC. as long asD. as well as
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拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) If there is a bo-- in the economy, there is an increase in economic activity.
If you_________in a job for several years, you may be able to accumulate a lot of work experience and skills that would be beneficial to your future career development.A. have workedB. had workedC. have been workingD. had been working
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) To aut _ _ _ _ _ a factory , office , or industrial process means to put in machines which can do the work instead of people.
ⅢComplete the following sentences with the given sentence structures-|||-get ready for.sa为························备-|||-e.g.Susan has to buy a lot of things to get ready for her trip.(苏珊不得不买很多东西为旅行做准备。)-|||-1 The boy got up early to __ (为上学做准备).-|||-2 I have a lot of work to do to __ (为明天做准备).
选择合适的单词补全句子
拼写合适的单词补全句子(答案不区分大小写;单词提提示中一根小短线代表一个字母)Something that is inf- - - - - has no limit,end,or edge.
question or statement.Hot pot is a traditional dish in China. It is believed to date back more than 1,000 years to the time of the Jin Dynasty. Hot pot's origins can be found in the dining practices of Mongolian horsemen who rode across the steppe and into northern China. Legend has it that the Mongols used their helmets as pots to simmer (炖) broth (汤底) over open fires, and cooked chunks of meat in the broth.Hot pot cooking seems to have spread to northern China during the Tang Dynasty. In the regional variations developed with different ingredients such as seafood. In the centuries that witnessed the growth of the Song Dynasty, hot pot moved — and changed — further south, with each successive region adapting it to their local ingredients and tastes.The ingredients in a hot pot vary a lot from region to region. Perhaps the most famous hot pot is the Chongqing or Sichuan hot pot. It features a dark red broth chock-full (塞满了的) of spices, chili peppers, and the uniquely mouth-numbing Sichuan peppers. In Beijing and elsewhere in the north, hot pot broth tends to be mild and, compared to its racy southern "cousins", a little light. In the northeast of China, a kind of local sauerkraut (酸菜) is used to add some tang (强烈的味道), making the broth a bit sour. People can choose a version of hot pot according to their taste.1 Hot pot is believed to date back more than 1,000 years to the time of _______.A. the Jin Dynasty B. the Tang DynastyC. the Song Dynasty D. the Yuan Dynasty
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母 ) A seq----- of events or things is a number of events or things that come one after another in a particular order.
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中根小短线代表一个 字母 ) A va---- is a space that contains no air or other gas.
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) To enh ---- something means to improve its value, quality, or attractiveness.
拼写合适的单词补全句子（答案不区分大小写；单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母） Someone or something that is so---- is very serious rather than cheerful or humorous.
These drugs are available over-the-counter without a(n)__________. （）A. infectionB. dosageC. prescription
选择合适的单词补全句子。-|||-I __ in the city.-|||-live lives
一、拼写合适的单词补全句子（答案不区分大小写；单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母） If someone is __ob---__ , they are extremely fat.
Elder and weaker Mr. Mag paid_visits to his old friends.A. scarceB. rare()C. insufficientD. inadequate
The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation. In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator’s role becomes that of an impersonal supplier of information and cash. In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position. Two traits in particular that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator. Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding. [共5题](1)What kind of manager is needed in present international business and foreign investment? [本题2分]A. The man who represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation. B. The man with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. C. The man who is wealthy and impersonal. D. The man who can negotiate with his foreign counterparts.
6. The children will now play some pieces of music that they ______ themselves. A.were taught posed C.accomplished D.worked7. While she waited,she tried to ______ her mind with pleasant thoughts of the vacation. A.occupy pose C.think D.intensify8. In the film,the peaceful life of a monk ______ the violent life of a murderer. A.is compared with B.is compared to C.is contrasted to D.is contrasted with9. ______ to pay for an order is simplicity itself. A.Use plastic B.Using plastics C.Using plastic D.Used plastic10. Additional time is required for cooking or ______ homemade dishes. A.chill B.to chill C.chilled D.chilling
The Harry Potter series, written by J.K. Rowling, is perhaps the most popular set of novels of the modern era. With seven books and many successful films to its name, the series has gathered about 15 billion dollars in sales. How did the series become so popular? The reason can be broken down into several areas.The first book in the series was rejected 12 times before it was picked up by Bloomsbury—a small publisher in England. So receiving this contract was Rowling's first step to success. However, getting a book contract does not ensure the success of a book. The story was soon loved by children and adults alike. In light of this, Bloomsbury Publishing published a second version of the books with “adult” (less colorful and more boring) book covers. This made it easier for a full range of ages to enjoy the series.Another factor that worked like a charm was that the publisher and Rowling herself, through the books, conducted midnight releases, promotions, and pre-ordering more readers. Customers who feared that their local bookstore would run out of copies responded by pre-ordering over 700,000 copies before the July 8, 2000 release.What does the underlined word “releases” (Para. 3) mean?A. The activity that frees or expresses energy or emotion.B. The announcement about the book’s publishing information.C. The sales of books that is available only at midnight.
The coming of the railways in the 1830s ________ our society and economic life.A. transferredB. transformedC. transportedD. transmitted