A family has been defined as a couple and their children，sharing a common house and dividing the work by gender．In general，the woman has to be at home，looking after her children，while the man works outside the home．In fact，in 2014，only 15 percent of all American families resembled the so-called typical American family． Nuclear Family（The Formal Type!）A nuclear family is considered to be the most traditional family，consisting of a mother，a father，and the children．This family type holds a lot of respect by society，known as the ideal one to raise children．It is believed that children belonging to the two-parent structure families are stable．However，with changing times，it has been observed that the nuclear structure has become less popular． Single Parent Family （Mostly the Breadwinner Parent!）A single parent is the one who looks after the child without the assistance of the other parent．The child can be by birth or adoption．Single parent families are often the result of death of another parent，divorce of a couple with children，or child abuse．There's another case where adults who want children but do not have a partner，adopt kids-usually termed as single parent adoption． Grandparent-led Family （The Wrinkled Affection!）Lots of grandparents are raising their grandchildren today．Reasons can be varied，like parents' death，or unfit parents．Many grandparents need to go back to their working phase for finding a source of income to raise their grandchildren． Blended （混合的） and Step Family （Sometimes the Black Sheep Type!）Two separate families blending together to form a single unit can lead to the creation of a blended or step family．Step families are becoming common in America．Over half of the marriages end in divorce，and many of these individuals prefer getting remarried，thereby creating the step family．It can consist of a new husband，a wife，and their children from precious relationships or marriages．These families have more problems because their kids do not get comfortable，and have adjustment and discipline issues． Extended Family （The More，The Merrier!）An extended family is the one that enlarges beyond the immediate family，which can consist of grandparents，uncles，aunts，cousins and so on，living under a single roof．There are certain advantages to such family groups．The members （especially children） feel more secure and safe due to elder guidance and sharing of resources during a crisis，and have more role models to help maintain desired etiquette and values． Childless Family （Child-free Companions!）While most people think of family as including children，there are couples who are very young and intend to have children later，or those who cannot，or choose not to have children．This type is also called the"forgotten family"，as it does not meet the set in definition of family．It has been observed that many of the childless families own pets or have external contacts with their nieces and nephews as a substitute for having their own children． As you can see，there are various family structures．The American society tends to promote the traditional family through various media；children who fall under other categories may feel that theirs is not a real family．They may get self-conscious about being part of a family which is"different"．In some cases，they might face social challenges，too．25．All of the following may contribute to a single parent family EXCEPT ____ ．A．a broken marriageB．a bad-tempered parentC．the death of one parentD．a single adult adopting a child26．According to the passage，in grandparent-led families， ____ ．A．the children gain more respect from societyB．the children face more challenges in societyC．the"parents"give more guidance to childrenD．the"parents"have to work again to raise children27．What kind of family is most likely to keep a pet？ ____ A．A nuclear family．B．An extended family．C．A childless family．D．A step family．28．What might be the best title for the passage？ ____ A．Life in a typical American familyB．Types of family structures in AmericaC．Family structures matter a lot in AmericaD．Different families have different values and needs．

Understanding the textglimpse of the first n.ge of the day from my 10-year-old son Tommy. He said good morning and told me that he was going to a friend's birthday party after school. I do not get to see Tommy all the time, given that he is at his dad's home on weekdays. Fortunately, Tommy and I have installed a social media app on our cell phones. This ensures we stay connected.2 I like this instant communication with Tommy because I can check what he's doing and evaluate how he's feeling. People who do not care about social media may claim, "I don't care what anybody ate for breakfast this morning. That's boring!" Their indifference contrasts with my own interest in my son. I would love to listen to his detailed description of a piece of bacon when he's in his other house. I absolutely do care about this. In fact, I hang on his every word. Is face-to-face conversation better? Frankly, yes, but I cannot readily share Tommy's morning otherwise. It is meaningless to ask him about an event two days later, long after it happened. Before I do2/82. In what way is instant communication through social media better than face-to-face conversation?

({B)} Don’t Destroy the Essential Catalyst of Risk({/B)} Since the spring, and most acutely this autumn, a global contagion (传染)of fear and panic has choked off the arteries of finance, compounding a broader deterioration in the global economy. Financial institutions have an obligation to the broader financial system. We depend on a healthy, well-functioning system but we failed to raise enough questions about whether some of the trends and practices that had become commonplace really served the public’s long-term interests.({B)}Seven important lessons({/B)} As policymakers and regulators begin to consider the regulatory actions to be taken to address the fallings, I believe it is useful to reflect on some of the lessons from tiffs crisis. The first is that risk management should not be entirely predicated on historical data. In the past several months, we have heard the phrase" multiple standard deviation events" more than a few times. If events that were calculated to occur once in 20 years in fact occurred much more regularly, it does not take a mathematician to figure out that risk management assumptions did not reflect the distribution of the actual outcomes. Our industry must do more to enhance and improve scenario analysis and stress testing. Second, too many financial institutions and investors simply outsourced their risk management. Rather than undertake their own analysis, they relied on the rating agencies to do the essential work of risk analysis for them. This was true at the inception(初期)and over the period of the investment, during which time they did not consider other indicators of financial deterioration. This over-dependence on credit ratings coincided with the dilution of the desired triple A-rating. In January 2008, there were 12 triple A-rated companies in the world. At the same time, there were 64, 000 structured finance instruments, such as collateralized debt obligations, rated triple A. It is easy and appropriate to blame the rating agencies for lapses in their credit judgments. But the blame for the result is not theirs ’alone. Every financial institution that participated in the process has to accept its share of the responsibility. Third, size matters. For example, whether you owned 5 billion or 50 billion of (supposedly) low-risk super senior debt in a CDO, the likelihood of losses was, proportionally, the same. But the consequences of a miscalculation were obviously much bigger if you had a 50 billion exposure. Fourth, many risk models incorrectly assumed that positions could be fully hedged. After the collapse of Long-Term Capital Management mid the crisis in emerging markets in 1998, new products such as various basket indices and credit default swaps were created to help offset a number of risks. However, we did not, as an industry, consider carefully enough the possibility that liquidity would dry up, making it difficult to apply effective hedges. Fifth, risk models failed to capture the risk inherent in off-balance sheet activities, such as structured investment vehicles. It seems clear now that managers of companies with large off-balance sheet exposure did not appreciate the full magnitude of the economic risks they were exposed to; equally worrying, their counterparties were unaware of the full extent of these vehicles and, therefore, could not accurately assess the risk of doing business. Sixth, complexity got the better of us. The industry let the growth in new instruments outstrip(超过)the operational capacity to manage them. As a result, operational risk increased dramatically and tiffs had a direct effect on the overall stability of the financial system. Last, and perhaps most important, financial institutions did not account for asset values accurately enough. I have heard some argue that fair value accounting -- which assigns current values to financial assets and liabilities -- is one of the main factors exacerbating(使恶化) the credit crisis. I see it differently. If more institutions had properly valued their positions and commitments at the outset, they would have been in a much better position to reduce their exposures.({B)}Fair value: a discipline for financial institutions({/B)} The daily marking of positions to current market prices was a key contributor to our decision to reduce risk relatively early in markets and in instruments that were deteriorating. This process can be difficult, and sometimes painful, but I believe it is a discipline that should define financial institutions. As a result of these lessons and others that will emerge from this financial crisis, we should consider important principles for our industry, for policymakers and for regulators. For the industry, we cannot let our ability to innovate exceed our capacity to manage. Given the size and interconnected nature of markets, the growth in volumes, the global nature of trades and their cross-asset characteristics, managing operational risk will only become more important. Risk and control functions need to be completely independent from the business units. And clarity as to whom risk and control managers report to is crucial to maintaining that independence. Equally important, risk managers need to have at least equal stature with their counterparts on the trading desks: if there is a question about the value of a position or a disagreement about a risk limit, the risk manager’s view should always prevail. Understandably, compensation continues to generate a lot of anger and controversy. We recognize that having troubled asset relief programme money creates an important context for compensation. That is why, in part, our executive management team elected not to receive a bonus in 2008, even though the firm produced a profit. More generally, we should apply basic standards to how we compensate people in our industry. The percentage of the discretionary (任意的)bonus awarded in equity should increase significantly as an employee’s total compensation increases. An individual’s performance should be evaluated over time so as to avoid excessive risk-taking. To ensure this, all equity awards need to be subject to future delivery and/or deferred exercise. Senior executive officers should be required to retain most of the equity they receive at least until they retire, while equity delivery schedules should continue to apply after the individual has left the firm.({B)}Limitations of self regulation({/B)} For policymakers and regulators, it should be clear that self-regulation has its limits. We rationalized and justified the downward pricing of risk on the grounds that it was different. We did so because our self-interest in preserving and expanding our market share, as competitors, sometimes blinds us -- especially when exuberance is at its peak. At the very least, fixing a system-wide problem, elevating standards or driving the industry to a collective response requires effective central regulation and the convening power of regulators. Capital, credit and underwriting standards should be subject to more" dynamic regulation". Regulators should consider the regulatory inputs and outputs needed to ensure a regime that is nimble and strong enough to identify and appropriately constrain market excesses, particularly in a sustained period of economic growth. Just as the Federal Reserve adjusts interest rates up to curb economic frenzy, various benchmarks and ratios could be appropriately calibrated. To increase overall transparency and help ensure that book value really means book value, regulators should require that, all assets across financial institutions be similarly valued. Fair value accounting gives investors more clarity with respect to balance sheet risk. The level of global supervisory co-ordination and communication should reflect the global interconnectedness of markets. Regulators should implement more robust information sharing and harmonized disclosure, coupled with a more systemic, effective reporting regime for institutions and main market participants. Without this, regulators will lack essential tools to help them understand levels of systemic vulnerability in the banking sector and in financial markets more broadly. In this vein, all pools of capital that depend on the smooth functioning of the financial system and are large enough to be a burden on it in a crisis should be subject to some degree of regulation.When the Long-Term Capital Management was disintegrated, the products initiated to counterweigh risks were ______. A．various basket indices and credit default swapsB．hedge fund and forward rate agreementsC．credit-linked notesD．current swaps and rates swaps

Translation ▲ Translate the following sentences into English.1 新中国成立后，中国坚持（persist in）独立自主的和平外交政策，在外交方面取得了巨大成就。截至2022年，中国已与181 个国家建立了外交关系（diplomatic relations）。2 中国始终坚持维护（uphold）世界和平、促进共同发展的外交政策的宗旨，致力于推动构建人类命运共同体。3 在和平共处五项原则（the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence）的基础上，中国正在为建设和平、繁荣、和谐的世界作出更大的努力。

conversation(s)and the passage(s) will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken-|||-only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and-|||-decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.-|||-Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.-|||-() 11.A.It is good for outings.-|||-B.It saves a lot of money.-|||-C.It is often faster than a car and easy to park.-|||-D.It is much safer than a car.-|||-() 12.A.It is dangerous.-|||-B.It is better than a car.-|||-C.It is sometimes useful.-|||-D.It is not convenient at all.-|||-() 13.A.Riding saves her a lot of money.-|||-B.Riding does her a lot of good.-|||-C.Cycling is her favorite sport.-|||-D.Everyone should learn to ride a bicycle.-|||-Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.-|||-() 14.A.To give learners online English courses for free.-|||-B.To offer learners a better way to study.-|||-C.To help learners make friends.-|||-D.To help learnersimprove English skills quickly.-|||-() 15.A.By using the downloaded sound files.-|||-B.By having conversations with others-|||-C.By reviewing words,phrases,and idioms.-|||-D.By listening to tapes.-|||-() 16.A.Be confident in learning-|||-B.Have clear learning goals.-|||-C.Have great interest in English.-|||-D.Learn English little by little.-|||-Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following longer conversation.-|||-() 17.A.The difference between the US baseball team and the Chinese one.-|||-B.Efforts taken to promote baseball in China.-|||-C.The popularity and development of baseball in China.-|||-D.The performance of the US baseball team in the game last night.-|||-() 18.A.It has always been popular-|||-B.More and more people pay attention to it.-|||-C.It is the most important sport in China.-|||-D.People don't have any interest in baseball in China.

Cross-Cultural Communication Challenges Definition of Culture We all communicate with others all the time―in our homes, in our workplaces, in the groups we belong to, and in the community. No matter how well we think we understand each other, communication is hard. Just think, for example, how often we hear things like, "He doesn’’t get it," or "She didn’’t really hear what I meant to say." "Culture" is often at the root of communication challenges. Our culture influences how we approach problems, and how we participate in groups and in communities. When we participate in groups we are often surprised at how differently people approach their work together. Culture is a complex concept, with many different definitions. But, simply put, "culture" refers to a group or community with which we share common experiences that shape the way we understand the world. It includes groups that we are born into, such as gender, race, or national origin. It also includes groups we join or become part of. For example, we can acquire a new culture by moving to a new region, by a change in our economic status, or by becoming disabled. When we think of culture this broadly, we realize we all belong to many cultures at once. Our histories are a critical piece of our cultures. Historical experiences―whether of five years ago or of ten generations back―shape who we are. Knowledge of our history can help us understand ourselves and one another better. Exploring the ways in which various groups within our society have related to each other is key to opening channels for cross-cultural communication. Six Fundamental Patterns of Cultural Differences As people from different cultural groups take on the exciting challenge of working together, cultural values sometimes conflict. We can misunderstand each other, and react in ways that can hinder what are otherwise promising partnerships. Oftentimes, we aren’’t aware mat culture is acting upon us. Sometimes, we are not even aware that we have cultural values or assumptions that are different from others! --Different Communication Styles The way people communicate varies widely between, and even within, cultures. One aspect of communication style is language usage. Across cultures, some words and phrases are used in different ways. For example, even in countries that share the English language, the meaning of "yes" varies from "maybe, I’’ll consider it" to "definitely so," with many shades in between. Another major aspect of communication style is the degree of importance given to non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication includes not only facial expressions and gestures; it also involves seating arrangements, personal distance, and sense of time. In addition, different norms regarding the appropriate degree of assertiveness in communicating can add to cultural misunderstandings. For instance, some white Americans typically consider raised voices to be a sign that a fight has begun, while some black, Jewish and Italian Americans often feel that an increase in volume is a sign of an exciting conversation among friends. Thus, some white Americans may react with greater alarm to a loud discussion than would members of some American ethnic or non-white racial groups. --Different Attitudes Toward Conflict Some cultures view conflict as a positive thing, while others view it as something to be avoided. In the U.S., conflict is not usually desirable; but people often are encouraged to deal directly with conflicts that do arise. In fact, face-to-face meetings customarily are recommended as the way to work through whatever problems exist. In contrast, in many Eastern countries, open conflict is experienced as embarrassing or demeaning; as a rule, differences are best worked out quietly. A written exchange might be the favored means to address me conflict. --Different Approaches to Completing Tasks From culture to culture, there are different ways that people move toward completing tasks. Some reasons include different access to resources, different judgments of the rewards associated with task completion, different notions of time, and varied ideas about how relationship-building and task-oriented work should go together. When it comes to working together effectively on a task, cultures differ with respect to the importance placed on establishing relationships early on in the collaboration. A case in point, Asian and Hispanic cultures tend to attach more value to developing relationships at the beginning of a shared project and more emphasis on task completion toward the end as compared with European-Americans. European-Americans tend to focus immediately on the task at hand, and let relationships develop as they work on the task. This does not mean that people from any one of these cultural backgrounds are more or less committed to accomplishing the task, or value relationships more or less; it means they may pursue them differently. --Different Decision-Making Styles The roles individuals play in decision-making vary widely from culture to culture. For example, in the U.S., decisions are frequently delegated―that is, an official assigns responsibility for a particular matter to a subordinate. In many Southern European and Latin American countries, there is a strong value placed on holding decision-making responsibilities oneself. When decisions are made by groups of people, majority rule is a common approach in the U.S.; in Japan consensus is the preferred mode. Be aware that individuals’’ expectations about their own roles in shaping a decision may be influenced by their cultural frame of reference. --Different Attitudes Toward Disclosure In some cultures, it is not appropriate to be frank about emotions, about the reasons behind a conflict or a misunderstanding, or about personal information. Keep this in mind when you are in a dialogue or when you are working with others. When you are dealing with a conflict, be mindful that people may differ in what they feel comfortable revealing. Questions that may seem natural to you―What was the conflict about What was your role in the conflict What was the sequence of events ―may seem intrusive to others. The variation among cultures in attitudes toward disclosure is also something to consider before you conclude that you have an accurate reading of the views, experiences, and goals of the people with whom you are working. --Different Approaches to Knowing Notable differences occur among cultural groups when it comes to epistemologies (认识论)―that is, the ways people come to know things. European cultures tend to consider information acquired through cognitive means, such as counting and measuring, more valid than other ways of coming to know things. Compare that to African cultures’’ preference for affective ways of knowing, including symbolic imagery and rhythm. Asian cultures’’ epistemologies tend to emphasize the validity of knowledge gained through striving toward transcendence (卓越). {Nichols, 1976) Recent popular works demonstrate that our own society is paying more attention to previously overlooked ways of knowing. Conclusion An appreciation of patterns of cultural difference can assist us in processing what it means to be different in ways that are respectful of others, not fault-finding or damaging. Anthropologists Avruch and Black have noted that, when faced by an interaction that we do not understand, people tend to interpret the others involved as "abnormal", "weird" or "wrong". (Avruch and Black, 1993) This tendency, if indulged, gives rise on the individual level to prejudice. If this propensity is either consciously or unconsciously integrated into organizational structures, then prejudice takes root in our institutions―in the structures, laws, policies, and procedures mat shape our lives. Consequently, it is vital that we learn to control the human tendency to translate "different from me" into "less than me". We can learn to do this. We can also learn to collaborate across cultural lines as individuals and as a society. Awareness of cultural differences doesn’’t have to divide us from each other. It doesn’’t have to paralyze us either, for fear of not saying the "right thing". In fact, becoming more aware of our cultural differences, as well as exploring our similarities, can help us communicate with each other more effectively. Recognizing where cultural differences are at work is the first step toward understanding and respecting each other.In a broad sense, people all belong to many cultures. A．YB．NC．NG

Part I Listening Comprehension(30 marks) Section A(22 . 5 marks) Directions：In this section, you'll hear six conversations between two speakers．For each conversation, there are several questions, and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C．Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question．You will hear each conversation TWICE． Conversation 1 1．How long does the woman need to work every day? A．Three hours． B．Four hours． C．Five hours． 2．How much can the woman earn each day? A．5 dollars． B．10 dollars． C．20 dollars． Conversation 1 M：Do you have any work experience? W：No, I’ve never worked in a restaurant before． M：Do you think you can get along will with customers? W：Yes, I think so． M：Can you make sure to be here from four to eight in the afternoon? W：Yes, I'm always on time． M：Then you can start tomorrow．Monday through Friday．Five dollars an hour． W：That's fine． Conversation 2 3．What's the possible relationship between the speakers? A．Boss and employee． B．Mother and son． C．Teacher and student． 4．When will the man come back? A．This Monday． B．This Wednesday． C．This Friday． Conversation 2 M：Mrs．Sharon, I say…, I have to … W：What's the matter, Richard? M：Er, I'd like to take two days off．My mother's ill．I need to stay with her． W：I'm sorry to hear that．You mean you will be back here this Wednesday? M：Yes, I hope I can come back earlier． W：That's all right．By the way, don't worry about your lessons．I'll certainly help you with them． Conversation 3 5．What can we know about Nancy and Steve? A．They will divorce soon． B．They have two daughters． C．They divorced last year． 6．Who will help Nancy out in the woman's opinion? A．Her daughter． B．Her parents． C．Her friends． Conversation 3 M：Kate, Nancy and Steve are breaking up． W：It's really a shame．I’ve heard that they quarrel, but they’ve always made up afterward． M：Things are not working out this time．They are getting a separation soon． W：What will happen to their daughter, Bonnie? M：Nancy is going to take her． W：The cost of living is so high．It will be difficult for her to take te responsibility． M：She seems to have made up her mind．She said she would rather be a single parent than cope with an unhappy marriage． W：Well, I hope her parents will be able to help her out． Conversation 4 7．How often does the woman pay the tax? A．Once a month．B．Twice a year． C．Once a year． 8．Why does the woman have to pay more taxes? A．The government has raised the tax rate． B．She didn't pay taxes last year． C．She has got extra money． 9．What can we know about the woman? A．She is an accountant． B．She taught in a night school． C．She lives upon a small income． Conversation 4 W：Henry, our income tax is due soon．Did you call our accountant? M：He's figuring out our taxes right now．I gave him all the records on our income and expenses last week． W：The government has taken away taxes from our paychecks all year．I hope we get some of that money back or at least that we won't have to pay more． M：Remember the money your aunt left us when she died, and the money you made when you taught in a night school? W：Yes． M：Well, that's all taxable income．That money has put us in a higher tax bracket． W：What does that mean? M：It means we have to pay more taxes． W：Well, it looks like we'll have to make more money this year just to pay last year's taxes． Conversation 5 10．What can we know about the kid from Haiti? A．He doesn't get on well at school． B．He is often late for school． C．He doesn't speak much English． 11．How many countries are mentioned in the conversation? A．Six． B．Five． C．Four． 12．How does the woman help the immigrant kids? A．She has spent much time with them after class． B．She gives them more lessons than other kids． C．She pays more attention to them at class． Conversation 5 M：Kate, how's the new student in your class doing? W：The kid from Haiti? He's having a rough time communicating since he doesn't speak much English．However, the other kids seem to involve him pretty well． M：Our students are used to new kids who don't speak much English since we have had so many new immigrant families moving into our school district． W：Don't I know it! This year I have had a Vietnamese, an Ethiopian, a Cuban and the kid from Haiti in my class．I spend a lot of time with them after class so that they can catch up． M：It must have been hard for you since you have to give them special attention in order to help them． W：It has been．Nevertheless, it's really rewarding to see them progress and make friends． Conversation 6 13．When will the speakers have the exams? A．In one week． B．In two weeks． C．In three weeks． 14．What will the woman do this summer? A．Teach English． B．Find a job． C．Study Chinese． 15．How did the man learn Chinese? A．By speaking． B．By reading． C．By listening． Conversation 6 M：Well, Jenny．The school year is almost over．We just have two weeks before exams．What are you going to do this summer? W：I'm going to teach English to some immigrants in the university's community service program． M：That sounds interesting．Don't you need to speak a foreign language for the job? W：No．You just have to present the language simply and give the students a chance to practice speaking． M：But that's the way I was taught to speak Chinese．But speaking Chinese didn't help me learn to read and write Chinese． W：My students don't want to read and write English．They are more interested in speaking． M：You sound very knowledgeable about all this．How do you know so much? W：I took teaching English as a second language course last year when you were in China．I’ve also talked with the program administrators quite a lot．I think I would like to be an ESL teacher when I graduate． SECTION B Directions：In this section, you'll hear a mini－talk．Listen carefully and then fill in numbered blanks with the information you’ve got．Fill each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS． You'll hear the mini－talk TWICE． About friendshipNo definite 16 friendship.-|||-D Iifferent people hold various views on-|||-Everyone has one or more ×Loyalty is the most important because no one-|||-Quality is more importart than 17 -|||-friends.-|||-wants to be 18 -|||-Your friends give you encouragement,offer-|||-Friendship relies on your knowledge or help you find . 20 -|||-__ 19 . WYou may function as a supervisor,a learned-|||-brother,etc. Section B We often say, “A friend in need is a friend indeed．” But what is the exact meaning of friendship? No one can really offer a definite concept, because different people hold various views on friendship． Everyone has his own friendship and some have a lot of friends．But in fact, quantity is not so important as quality．Loyalty is the most important for friendship．No one wants to make friends with those who will betray them． No matter whether you are married or not, no matter where you live and work, your friends are your friends．It is not based on bloodline．It relies on your intention．To you, some friends are fun－loving, some give encouragement, some offer knowledge, and others help you to find your own identity．Before your friends, you may act as a supervisor, a learned brother, a lovely child, a gentleman or a playmate．In a word, friendship helps you to be a full person．So friendship can benefit． Keys：

The grand canal was helpful in _A. protecting the environmentB. boosting the local agricultureC. national unityD. economic development

After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly. This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!A good title for this passage is ______.A. SleepB. Good HealthC. Play and StudyD. Work and Rest