题目
Translate the sentences into English.1. 非洲的沙漠正在迅速扩张。成千上万人正在死去。_____________________________2. 如果人们当时迅速采取行动，本来是可以预防今天的灾难的。_____________________________3. 今天，全世界30亿辆汽车使用不会产生二氧化碳的燃料行驶。_____________________________4. 2021年1月1日，长江上实施了为期10年的禁渔令。_____________________________
Translate the sentences into English.
1. 非洲的沙漠正在迅速扩张。成千上万人正在死去。
_____________________________
2. 如果人们当时迅速采取行动，本来是可以预防今天的灾难的。
_____________________________
3. 今天，全世界30亿辆汽车使用不会产生二氧化碳的燃料行驶。
_____________________________
4. 2021年1月1日，长江上实施了为期10年的禁渔令。
_____________________________
题目解答
答案
1. 非洲沙漠扩张与人口死亡可译为：
The deserts in Africa are expanding rapidly, and thousands of people are dying.
或：The deserts in Africa are spreading quickly, and millions of people are losing their lives.
2. 条件句需用“could have done”结构：
If people had taken swift action at that time, the disaster today could have been prevented.
或：If people had acted quickly back then, the catastrophe we face now could have been avoided.
3. “30亿辆汽车”与“无碳燃料”需明确：
Today, 3 billion cars worldwide are running on fuel that does not produce carbon dioxide.
或：Today, 3 billion vehicles around the world are using carbon-free fuel to operate.
4. 禁渔令实施时间与范围需清晰：
On January 1, 2021, a 10-year fishing ban was implemented on the Yangtze River.
或：A decade-long fishing prohibition came into effect on the Yangtze River on January 1, 2021.
（其他合理译法亦可接受。）
解析
本题考查汉译英能力，解题时需要准确理解中文句子的含义，运用合适的词汇和语法结构进行翻译。
- “非洲的沙漠正在迅速扩张。成千上万人正在死去。”
- 首先确定“非洲的沙漠”可表达为 “The deserts in Africa” ，“迅速扩张”可以用 “expand rapidly” 或者 “spread quickly” ，“成千上万人”可以是 “thousands of people” 或者 “millions of people” ，“死去”可以用 “die” 或者 “lose their lives” 。
- 两个句子之间是并列关系，用 “and” 连接，所以可以译为 “The deserts in Africa are expanding rapidly, and thousands of people are dying.” 或者 “The deserts in Africa are spreading quickly, and millions of people are losing their lives.”
- “如果人们当时迅速采取行动，本来是可以预防今天的灾难的。”
- 这是一个虚拟语气的句子，从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，要用过去完成时 “had + 过去分词” ，即 “had taken” ；主句表示与现在事实相反的结果，要用 “could have + 过去分词” ，即 “could have been prevented” 或者 “could have been avoided” 。
- “迅速采取行动”是 “take swift action” 或者 “act quickly” ，“当时”可以用 “at that time” 或者 “back then” ，“今天的灾难”是 “the disaster today” 或者 “the catastrophe we face now” 。
- 所以句子可译为 “If people had taken swift action at that time, the disaster today could have been prevented.” 或者 “If people had acted quickly back then, the catastrophe we face now could have been avoided.”
- “今天，全世界30亿辆汽车使用不会产生二氧化碳的燃料行驶。”
- “今天”是 “Today” ，“全世界”是 “worldwide” 或者 “around the world” ，“30亿辆汽车”是 “3 billion cars” 或者 “3 billion vehicles” 。
- “使用……行驶”可以用 “run on... ” 或者 “use... to operate” ，“不会产生二氧化碳的燃料”是 “fuel that does not produce carbon dioxide” 或者 “carbon - free fuel” 。
- 因此句子可译为 “Today, 3 billion cars worldwide are running on fuel that does not produce carbon dioxide.” 或者 “Today, 3 billion vehicles around the world are using carbon - free fuel to operate.”
- “2021年1月1日，长江上实施了为期10年的禁渔令。”
- “2021年1月1日”是 “On January 1, 2021” ，“长江”是 “the Yangtze River” ，“为期10年的禁渔令”可以表达为 “a 10 - year fishing ban” 或者 “a decade - long fishing prohibition” ，“实施”可以用 “be implemented” 或者 “come into effect” 。
- 所以句子可译为 “On January 1, 2021, a 10 - year fishing ban was implemented on the Yangtze River.” 或者 “A decade - long fishing prohibition came into effect on the Yangtze River on January 1, 2021.”